Genotype and Phenotype

1. Genotype and Phenotype What is the difference?

2. Review Words • Characteristics – are the category of a trait – • Example – eye color, height, likes/dislikes • Traits – the physical, social, and emotional qualities of an organism • Example – blue eyes, tall, hates carrots • Dominant Trait – when a majority of an organism shows the trait. • Example – most humans have brown eyes • Recessive Trait – when a minority of an organism shows the trait. • Example – fewer humans have green, blue, and hazel eyes. • Alleles – all the possible choices for a characteristic • Example – eye color – blue, brown, gray, green

3. Genotype • How the genes code for a specific trait. • If the trait is dominant it uses a capital letter • Example – Tall (T) • If the trait is recessive it uses the same letter but lower case • Example – short (t) • Genotypes always have two letters – one for dad and one for mom

4. Types of genotype • Purebred (homozygous) dominant – the genes only have the dominant trait in its code. • Example – Dominant Tall -- TT • Purebred (homozygous) recessive – the genes only have the recessive trait in its code. • Example – Recessive short – tt • Hybrid (heterozygous) – the genes are mixed code for that trait. • Example – hybrid Tall -- Tt

5. Phenotype • The outward appearance of the trait. • How an organism looks • How an organism acts • How an organism feels

6. Tricks to remembering the difference between Genotype and Phenotype • Genotype – deals with GENE CODE. • Phenotype – deals with looks you can take a PHOTO with.