1 / 47

Wireless and Mobile Communication Networks

Wireless and Mobile Communication Networks. Jamal Elbergali Majdi Ashibani. What is the Interest in Wireless. Mobility: users want to access their E-mail, voicemail, etc., while they are moving “anywhere”.

iolana
Télécharger la présentation

Wireless and Mobile Communication Networks

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Wireless and Mobile Communication Networks Jamal Elbergali Majdi Ashibani

  2. What is the Interest in Wireless Mobility: users want to access their E-mail, voicemail, etc., while they are moving “anywhere”. Installation speed and simplicity: no need to pull cables through walls and ceilings. Installation flexibility: Wireless technology can go where wire cannot go. Productivity: gained of using handheld terminals, PDAs and laptops Scalability: The network topology can be changed very easily to meet the needs of specific applications.

  3. Wireless Networks Overview • Wireless technology standards differentiated by: • Bandwidth • Geography • Supported hardware • Switching method • Two types of data transmission • Circuit Switched • Takes over a voice channel to transmit and receive data, keeping a phone line open during the entire session • Packet Switched • Compresses data and sends short data bursts between conversations or during gaps in conversations on the voice channels

  4. Wireless – PANs, LANs, and WANs • PAN – Personal Area Network • Bluetooth – High-bandwidth/short-range cable replacement • Synchronization between devices • LAN – Local Area Network • Home RF – Consumer focused • Internet connection and file sharing • 802.11b – 802.11a - 802.11g – Enterprise class • Connecting notebooks to corporate networks • WAN – Wide Area Network • Mobile Phone and PDA voice/data connectivity.

  5. Enabling Technologies at a Glance Global Suburban Campus Inbuilding GSM WLAN Satellite UMTS WPAN

  6. A Brief Introductionto Bluetooth Bluetooth: Lose the Cable!

  7. Ericsson, the principal inventor, borrowed the name from Danish King Harald Bluetooth Who is credited with uniting the Scandinavian people during the 10-th century. Seemed like a good name for uniting many dissimilar devices from different manufacturers The Obligatory Bluetooth QuestionWhere Does the Name Come From?

  8. Eliminates the need for numerous cable attachments for connecting computers, mobile phones and other peripherals. Inexpensive, Short-range wireless capability to replace cable and wires that connects portable and/or fixed devices. Bluetooth operates in a globally available unlicensed ISM radio band 2.4GHz. Requires low power which is well suited to handheld devices. Supports for both voice and data IEEE Standard through 802.15 (PAN) What is Bluetooth?A world without wires

  9. Digital Camera Computer Scanner Inkjet Printer MP3 Player PDA Cell Phone Home Audio System Cordless Phone Base Station xDSL Access Point Bluetooth in the HomeNo Wires

  10. Car Audio System PDA Cell Phone Headset MP3 Player Pay Phone & Access Point Laptop Hotel Phone & Access Point And On the Road

  11. Computers Peripheral connectivity Keyboard/mouse/remote Printer Scanners PDAs Broadband access points Ethernet/xDSL/cable Packet radio cellular phones Video projectors Telephone devices Cellular handsets Wireless headsets PSTN access points Payphones Hotel/home phones Digital cameras MP3 audio players Home audio systems Bluetooth Products

  12. Bluetooth Power • Bluetooth supports three different power options.

  13. Really Personal Communications 2001 Bluetooth: 1 Mbps 2003 Bluetooth 2: At least 2 Mbps 2006 UWB: 20 Mbps

  14. Enabling Technologies at a Glance Global Suburban Campus Inbuilding GSM WLAN Satellite UMTS WPAN

  15. Wireless LANs Provide users with wireless connectivity to an enterprise or corporate network. They seamlessly provide the business user a connection to the Internet and to access data. Worldwide wireless LAN hardware revenue totaled $1.68 billion in 2002, hitting $455.4 million in 4Q02, according to Infonetics Research's quarterly worldwide market share and forecast service, Wireless LAN Hardware revenue is expected to reach $2.72 billion in 2006.

  16. WLAN Standardization There are two popular WLAN technologies in the market: In USA (IEEE 802.11) . It is an IEEE standard that defines the specifications for WLANs. IEEE 802.11a: based on OFDM technology. IEEE 802.11b: based on CSMA/CD technology. IEEE 802.11g: Similar to 802.11a features with added 802.11b compatibility. In Europe (HiperLAN) based on OFDM technology.

  17. IEEE 802.11g Achieve full compatibility with IEEE 802.11b which is widely used. Still under development. Final version expected to appear in the middle of 2003. The technology doesn’t wait for standard bodies and companies have already started to ship equipment based on draft version of 802.11g.

  18. Comparison between IEEE Standards

  19. When should we use IEEE 802.11a/g? For bandwidth hungry applications like streaming video. For end users who are densely populated: computer Labs, airports

  20. HiperLAN The current version of HiperLAN is HiperLAN2 based on ETSI standard. Operates at 5 GHz frequency band. Provides high speed of 54 Mbps. Offers QoS for Voice and Video applications.

  21. Wireless LAN Applications LAN Extension Cross-Building Interconnection Ad Hoc Networks

  22. Infrastructure network where the Wireless AP provides the connectivity to wireless terminals within the coverage area. Saves the cost of the installation of LAN cabling Eases the task of relocation and other modifications to network architecture. Offers roaming capabilities by using more than one AP. LAN Extension

  23. WLAN Application Building with large open areas such as manufacturing plants, stock exchange trading floors, and warehouses. Historical buildings with insufficient twisted pair and where drilling holes for new wiring is prohibited Small offices where installation and maintenance of wired LANs is not economical

  24. WLAN connects existing LANs in nearby buildings, by using Point-to-Point wireless link. It is used where cable connections are not possible, e.g across street. Cross-Building Interconnect

  25. A wireless standalone network, and isn’t connected to any infrastructure network.. No centralized server. Used for temporary business meeting where all employees can connect each other. Ad Hoc Network

  26. Enabling Technologies at a Glance Global Suburban Campus In building WLAN GSM Satellite UMTS WPAN

  27. Mobile Network SystemsOverview • Wireless telephones come in two basic varieties: • Cordless phones ( Never used in networking) • Mobile phones (widely used for voice and data communication) • Mobile phones have gone through three distinct generations, with different technologies: • Analog voice. • Digital voice. • Digital voice and data (Internet, e-mail, etc).

  28. Mobile Network Generations • First Generation (1G) mobile systems were designed to offer an analogue single service, i.e., speech. • Second Generation (2G) mobile systems were also designed primarily to offer speech with a limited capability to offer data at low rates. • Third Generation (3G) mobile systems are expected to offer services that have traditionally been provided by fixed networks, including wideband services (e.g. high-quality multimedia services).

  29. First Generation Mobile Phones(1G) • In 1946, the first system for a car-based telephones was set up in St. Louis. • This system uses a large single transmitter on a top of tall building with single channel. • In the 1960s, IMTS (Improved Mobile Telephone System) was installed. • This system too uses high powered transmitter on top of a hill, with two frequencies. • In 1982, The cellular network revolution was started, the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) was invented and first installed in the USA

  30. In AMPS, the geographic region is divided up into Cells, that is why we are call them cell phones. In AMPS a Cellular radio technique was developed to increase the capacity available for mobile radio telephone service. Cells are typically 10 to 20 Km. Each cell uses a set of frequencies not used by any of its neighbors. The cells are same size and normally roughly circular, but they are easier to be modeled as hexagonal. First Generation Mobile Phones(1G) Cont.

  31. They are grouped in units of seven cells. Each color indicates a group of frequencies. Adjacent cells are assigned different frequencies to avoid interference or crosstalk. Because of the limited bandwidth resources, the same frequency have to be reused in other nearby cells. First Generation Mobile Phones(1G) Cont.

  32. Second Generation mobile Phones • The Second generation is digital. • 4 systems are being used to 2G: D-AMPS, GSM, CDMA (IS-95), and PDC. • D-AMPS: Digital Advanced Mobile Phone system. Is widely used in the USA and in the modified form in Japan. • PDC is used only in Japan, which is basically D-AMPS modified for backward compatibility with 1G. • GSM: The Global System for Mobile Communication, is used everywhere else in the world. • CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access, which is works completely different from the above mentioned systems, it is considered the best technical solution around, it is widely used in USA.

  33. Third Generation Mobile Networks • 3G is referred to as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) in Europe and International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 (IMT2000) worldwide. • The basic services that 3G network supposed to provide: • High quality voice. • Messaging • Multimedia. • Internet access.

  34. Third Generation Mobile Networks • In 1992, ITU tried to get 3G to reality and they issued IMT-2000. the number 2000 stood for 3 things: • The year it supposed to go, • The frequency it supposed to operate at, • The bandwidth the service should have. • Non of the above was implemented by 2000.

  35. Third Generation Mobile Networks • 3G may be a bit less than originally hoped for and a bit late, but surly happen. • In Europe, W-CDMA was proposed by Ericsson, it has been designed to interwork with GSM, they call it UMTS. • IN USA, CDMA2000, proposed by Qualcomm, it is an extension to IS-95 and backward compatible, but it has been designed to interwork with GSM. • The trouble is that the real problem is not engineering, but politics! • While waiting for the fighting over 3G to stop, some operators are taking a cautious small step in the direction of 3G by going to 2.5G.

  36. First Step Toward 3G2.5G • A fact that no other wireless voice and data technology will threaten GSM’s dominance in Europe through 2005. • The wireless system in widespread use today goes by the name of 2.5G-an “in between”. • Technology to converge mobile communications and the Internet • Utilizes packet-switched functionality and deliversspeeds above 100Kbps with continuous Internet connection for mobile phones and computer users. • Leads to way to 3G technology

  37. First Step Toward 3G2.5G • 2.5G technology is identified as being fueled by General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) along with GSM. • GPRS technology is based on existing GSM infrastructure. • GPRS services launched in mid-2001 with speed around 14 Kbps to 28 Kbps ; these have doubled by the last half of 2002.

  38. 3G Innovative applications that exploit added bandwidth 2.5G New wireless-specific applications 2G Wireless access to existing applications • Rich media Web browsing via wireless-enabled PC or tablet PC • Streaming audio and video • Camera phones • MP3 players • Real-time, multi-player games • Location-based • Interactive city guides • Proximate people finders • Instant coupons/promotions and push advertising • Personalized • Ability to control contacts based on phone state and location • Phone as wallet/ATM card • Always connected • Pushed calendar updates • Perishable information • E-mail • Messaging • PIM tools • Simple information services (sports, news, weather) Today • Enabling factors developed in parallel • Security and Privacy • Coverage and capacity • Data roaming • Data hosting/storage Evolution Of Mobile Data

  39. 3G Products • The first Sony Ericsson handset, named Z1010 will be out on the market in the second half of 2003. • It is dual mode UMTS/GSM-GPRS phone. • Sony Ericsson also released its first EDGE products, GC82 EDGE PC card for dual band 859/1900 MHz, which provides up to 3 times faster than GPRS.

  40. Challenges – Wireless Network Choices Big Leos Little Leos Teledesic Iridium 3G Networks (Satellite) (Satellite) (Satellite) (Satellite) (Multiple) AMPS/CDPD AMPS CDMA/AMPS Nextel GSM-PCS Cellular Cellular Cellular Wireless TDMA/AMPS TDMA-PCS C DMA- P CS LANs Cellular Personal PageMart SkyTel Metricom Wireless Two-Way Two-Way Network One-Way PageNet BSWD ARDIS/ PCSI Paging Voice Paging Mobile Data AMSC Voice Paging (multiple)

  41. Towards 4G No hard and fast definition for 4G yet!. 4G’s goal is to replace the current proliferation of core cellular network with a single worldwide cellular core network. Its standard based on IP for video, data and voice over IP (VoIP). Beyond 3G

  42. Expanded 4G feature Set Although not yet defined, some of expected features in a 4G system include the following • Global access, service portability, and scalable mobile service. • Seamless switching, and a variety of QoS-driven service. • Support for interactive multimedia, voice, streaming video Internet, and other broadband services. • Seamless network of multi-protocol and air interface (since 4G will be all-IP, look for 4G to be compatible with all common network technologies, including 802.11, WCDMA, Bluetooth, and HyperLAN). • High speed, high capacity, Better spectral efficiency, and low cost-per-bit. • An infrastructure to handle pre-existing 3G systems along with other wireless technologies, some of which under development,

  43. Different Environments for 4G

  44. Comparison of Probable 4G and 3G

  45. What is Driving the Mobile Phenomenon? Economics Social trends Airtime cost, device costs Fashion, the “always on” generation, entertainment, electronics as a lifestyle accessory WAP, bluetooth, location sensing, 2.5G, 3G networks Anywhere, anytime commerce, cost reduction / self service, bridge supply chain gaps Technology Business need

  46. Next Generation of Mobile Networks Some Challenges to Consider • Wireless spectrum availability • Tower site limitations- Service quality - Churn • Billing challenges- Multiple unrelated vendors in revenue chain- Collections ?- Identities and brands blur

  47. 1G, 2G, 3G, and Beyond!Past, Present, and Future

More Related