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Enhancing Agricultural Emission Factors: A Review of Manure Management and Soil Practices

This document reviews the methodologies for estimating emissions from agricultural practices, focusing on manure management and soils. It addresses key aspects such as ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxides (NO), and particulate matter (PM), while evaluating the integration and harmony with IPCC guidelines. Several corrections, omissions, and updates to emission factors (EFs) are discussed. The text highlights the importance of strategic decision-making in nitrogen flow management and the cost-benefits of various approaches, along with future recommendations for improving accuracy in calculations and standard methodologies.

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Enhancing Agricultural Emission Factors: A Review of Manure Management and Soil Practices

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  1. Agricultural, Nature chapters Manure management (4B) Soils (4D) Field burning of agricultural wastes (4F) Other (4G) Nature (11) U N I V E R S I T Y O F A A R H U S Faculty of Agricultural Sciences

  2. General • Much time spent on harmonisation with IPCC + new format • Much time spent in technical editing • Not much time spent on improving the science • Some errors and omissions • Appendices need tidying

  3. Manure management (4B) • NH3, NO, NMVOC, PM • NMVOC and PM • Some updating of EFs • Large uncertainties remain • For N species • Harmonisation with IPCC 2006 • N flow and ammonium (TAN) based • New Tier 2 for NO

  4. NH3, NO – Tier 2 • IPCC N2O emission • Methodology is detailed • Emissions are function of animal N excretion • Only considers emissions from storage • Include animal housing • Strategic decisions • N flow methodology • Distinguish between total and ammoniacal N (TAN) • Slurry and farmyard manure (FYM)

  5. Cost/benefit of approaches • Benefits of N flow approach • Interactions between sources are included • Helps detect errors in calculation • Benefits of TAN approach • NH3 and NO occur from TAN • TAN is a better predictor of emission • Benefit of slurry & FYM • Clarity • Costs of approach • Increase in complexity relative to IPCC • Small increase in number of parameters

  6. Omissions and corrections • 4B • Arrow from storage to field in Fig 2-1 • Create separate Tier 2 for PM • 4B – NH3 Tier 2 • Table of default additions of straw • Errors in equations 30 & 31 • Delete equation 33 • Table 3-4: delete NH3 column and move to section 3.3.3

  7. Soils - 4D • Need Tier 1 for all pollutants: • Consistency with IPCC • Needed for Key Source analysis • Tier 1 simpler than old Simpler methodology • Will be a Key source for all countries • Tier 1 will rarely be used • Default emission factor revised after review of first draft

  8. Soils (4D) • NH3 Tier 2 • Essentially same as Detailed methodology • Source of equations – old data + expert judgement • Separating of arable/grassland abandoned • Crop emissions • Partially incorporated in emission factors for fertiliser (as before)

  9. Errors and omissions • 4D • Check PM EFs in appendix

  10. Field burning – 4F • Overview is incorrect • Confusion with small-scale waste-burning (6Ce) • Some updating of EFs

  11. Nature - 11

  12. Actions needed: • Implement information availale from NatAir • Include all relevant sources from nature already included in the old guide book Nature - 11 • Only 2 sources included in the second order draft (volcanos, forest fires) • New information not included

  13. Future • Correct errors and omission • Formally accept Guidebook • Tier 2 for NO • Review NH3 emissions from fertilisers • Lex Bouman • UK study • Others? • Spatial disaggregation • NH3 - temporal disaggregation

  14. Task Force on Reactive Nitrogen • Link with Ag and Nature • Expert Panel on N balances • Expert Panel on N mitigation • Joint meetings with EP on N mitigation? • http://www.clrtap-tfrn.org/

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