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Geol 2312 Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology

Geol 2312 Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Lecture 1 Introduction to Igneous Petrology and Earth’s Physical and Chemical Structure. Jan. 20, 2009. The Realm of Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks.

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Geol 2312 Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology

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  1. Geol 2312 Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Lecture 1 Introduction to Igneous Petrology and Earth’s Physical and Chemical Structure Jan. 20, 2009

  2. The Realm of Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks A Fundamental Dilemma to the Study of Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks and the Processes that Create Them ACCESS

  3. Igneous Petrology “Study of Rocks formed by the Crystallization of Magma” What do we want to know about magma? What do we want to know about crystallization processes? How do we study igneous rocks to address these questions?

  4. Components of Scientific “Study” Observations/Interpretations of the Natural World

  5. Components of Scientific “Study” Observations/Interpretations of Experiments Simulating the Natural World Crystallization Experiments Melting Experiments

  6. Components of Scientific “Study” Observations/Interpretations of Theoretical Models the of Natural World Cobra MELTS Interface Ghiorso & Sack (1995)

  7. Physical and Chemical Structure of Earth

  8. Pressure and Thermal Gradients From Winter (2001)

  9. Composition of the Earth • How Do We Know? • Mantle Xenoliths • Seismic Data • Density Constraints • Meteorites • stony ~mantle • iron ~core • chondrites ~whole earth

  10. Plate Tectonics drives Two Stages of Crust-making 1. Mantle partially melts to make ocean crust 2. Ocean crust melts to make continental crust

  11. Tectono-magmatic environments • 5.Back-arc Basins • 6.Ocean Island Basalts • 7.Miscellaneous Intra-Continental Activity • kimberlites, carbonatites, anorthosites... 1.Mid-ocean Ridges 2.Intracontinental Rifts 3. Island Arcs 4.Active Continental Margins

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