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Romanesque Architecture and Sculptural Programs

Romanesque architecture features a distinctive Latin cross plan characterized by unity and symmetry, with heavy walls and small windows. The prominent use of the Roman barrel vault supports the structure while creating a sacred space for the Eucharist, symbolizing the presence of God. This architectural style establishes a stark contrast between the ordered interiors and the chaotic world outside, incorporating sculptural programs that educate and engage viewers. Notable examples include the Cathedrals of Santiago de Compostela and Autun, and the Abbey Church of Sainte-Foy, showcasing intricate designs and significant iconography.

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Romanesque Architecture and Sculptural Programs

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  1. Romanesque Architecture and Sculptural Programs • key ideas: • Latin cross plan • coherence of design: unity and symmetry • heavy, thick walls and small windows • the use of a Roman vault—inherently limited; the barrel vault creates tremendous thrust at the springing point • creates a wonderful “stage” for the miracle of the Eucharist—the presence of God—God made incarnate again • large, ordered space which contrasted strongly with the chaos and uncertainty outside the church walls • use of sculptural programs to educate and engage the viewer

  2. Roman barrel vault in order to support a heavy roof—one that is very wide--the walls of the nave would have to be very, very thick

  3. floor planCathedral of Santiago de CompostelaSpain 1075-1211

  4. floor planAbbey Church of Sainte-Foyearly 12th century

  5. floor planAutun Cathedral early 12th century

  6. floor planLa Madeleine at Vezelay early 12th century

  7. naveLa Madeleine at Vezelay early 12th century

  8. Last Judgmentmain portal (west end)Autun Cathedral early 12th century

  9. Last Judgment, tympanum Autun Cathedral

  10. detail Last Judgmentmain portal (west end)Autun Cathedral early 12th century

  11. detail Last Judgmentmain portal (west end)Autun Cathedral early 12th century

  12. Dream of the MagiAutun Cathedral early 12th century

  13. EveAutun Cathedral early 12th century

  14. Pilgrims

  15. Suicide of Judas, capitalearly 12th century

  16. Flight into EgyptAutun Cathedral early 12th century

  17. South Portal Church of Saint-Pierre, Moissac early 12th century

  18. St. Jeremiahtrumeau Church of Saint-Pierre, Moissac early 12th century

  19. St. Jeremiahtrumeau Church of Saint-Pierre, Moissac early 12th century “the weeping prophet”

  20. St. Jeremiahtrumeau Church of Saint-Pierre, Moissac early 12th century

  21. tympanum, Abbey Church of Sainte-Foy, Conques early 12th century

  22. Christ in Judgmentdetail of tympanumAbbey Church of Sainte-Foy, Conques early 12th century

  23. Christ in Judgmentdetail of tympanumAbbey Church of Sainte-Foy, Conques early 12th century

  24. Christ in Judgmentdetail of tympanumAbbey Church of Sainte-Foy, Conques early 12th century

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