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Unraveling the Link Between 4-Nonylphenol and Increased Breast Cancer Risk in Long Island

Breast cancer remains the most prevalent cancer affecting women, with Long Island showing alarming rates of incidence and mortality. Over 80% of breast cancer tumors are estrogen-activated, and Long Island has unique environmental exposure to 4-Nonylphenol (4-NP). This synthetic compound, prevalent since the 17th century due to farming activities, may mimic estrogen and influence gene expression in human immune cells. Our hypothesis posits that both 4-NP and estrogen share similar regulatory effects, highlighting the need to investigate external factors contributing to elevated breast cancer risks in the region.

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Unraveling the Link Between 4-Nonylphenol and Increased Breast Cancer Risk in Long Island

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  1. Introduction Breast cancer is the MOST common cancer affecting women, & Long Island exemplifies this phenomenon Breast cancer kills the MOST women out of ALL other cancer-related deaths Over 80% of breast cancer tumors are activated by estrogen Long Island consistently exhibits ABOVE EXPECTED rates of breast cancer Long Island exhibits one of the highest breast cancer deaths • Long Island has unique reserve of 4-Nonylphenol (4-NP) in its environment (Jacquez, 2001) •  Long Island (NY) covered by farms (since 17th century) Environmental toxins are involved in the development of breast cancer Estrogen increases breast cancer risk, causes birth defects + learning disabilities  Shown to interfere with hormonally-mediated pathways OVER half of the reported cases of breast cancer cannot be explained by known risk factors  Therefore, external factors must contribute to increased breast cancer risk Hypothesis We hypothesize that 4-NP and estrogen will induce similar regulation of gene expression in U937 human immune cells, suggesting that 4-NP indeed mimics estrogen in the body, augmenting breast cancer risk.

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