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Biofuel Environmental impact

Biofuel Environmental impact. Group 2 – Hulda Dagmar and Mervi. Biofuel - General discussions. Biofuel That we focus on here: The Bio Fuel that we think is feasable in Iceland.

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Biofuel Environmental impact

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  1. BiofuelEnvironmental impact Group 2 – Hulda Dagmar and Mervi

  2. Biofuel - General discussions Biofuel That we focus on here: The Bio Fuel that we think is feasable in Iceland Biomass can have a variety of meanings, but in the contextof this guidance it refers to deriving energy from biologicalmaterial through a transformation process. Seaweeds • The energyprovided may be • Heat • Electricity • Mechanical power • The biological material may come from animal or plantsources including animal wastes and composts • The transformative process may be direct combustion or perhaps involve gasification, fermentation or pyrolysis Waste Lupine

  3. General effects - positive • It can help mitigate climate change • Reduce acid rain • Protect the soil from erosion • Reduce landfills and protect fresh water • Provide wildlife habitat • Help maintain forest health through better management.

  4. General effects - Negative • Air pollution • Fresh water use • Bring increasing preasure on world food prices • Takes large land from food productions • Burning or gasifying biomass does emit carbon into the atmosphere • Could eliminate unmanaged forests and wild areas

  5. General effects - Land use is a sensitive topic competition with the food industry can cause social conflict Future Global land use according toThe Resilient Earth Source: www.theresilientearth.com

  6. Brown seaweed grows up to 3 meters in 8 months capture nutrients from their roots and entire surface producing fuel from seaweed is easier than from normal plant does not produce lignin Seaweed

  7. Seaweed Positiveenvironmentimpacts Negative environmentimpacts Loss for biodiversity Pollution from planting & harvesting Power plant also creates some pollution Noise Smell Emissions “the beauty” Local air quality • Biodiversity • Not in competition with food • May attract fish • Wild seaweed used in Iceland • NaturalCarbonstorage • bio-filter • pollution buffer • in July the carbohydrate levels are their highest

  8. Waste • Garbage is a wonderful mixture of energy-rich fuels. • In 100 pounds of typical garbage, more than 80 pounds can be burned as fuel to generate electricity at a power plant. • A ton of garbage generates about 525 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity. • Waste-to-energy plants generate enough electricity to supply millions of households. • The major advantage of burning waste is that it reduces the amount of garbage we bury in landfills. • Waste-to-energy plant can recycle thousands of tons of metals from its ash. • The ash can then be reused for many applications, to build roads and make cement. • The source of fuel is readily available in large • The dilemma of waste management will be reduced “This is supposed to be going to China, but it isn’t going anywhere,” said Arno Vink, an inspector from the Dutch environment ministry.

  9. Waste • “Compared to the relatively low population figures, Iceland produces a substantial amount of waste and the amounts are increasing.” (UN,2012) • “all landfilling of organic and combustible waste will be terminated no later than 2020” (Mannvit, 2012) • EU (and EEA): 6th Environmental Action Programme (2002 – 2012) • Alsodirective on landfills: directive 1999/31/EC • Iceland: National Waste Management Plan 2004 – 2016 • Law on landfills: law no. 55/2033

  10. Waste Positiveenvironmentalimpacts Negative environmentalimpacts Pollution from the power plant Noise Smell “the beauty” Waste water Ash Infrastructure Transportation Building treatment facilities • Less landfills • Make a substantial contribution to environmental protection • Save raw materials and energy resources

  11. Lupine • The Lupin grows all over Iceland • many does not like it and want to eliminate it • It costs a lot of money and hard work for a long time • Using Lupin in biofuel: • The source is here • Can still be used against soil erosion • Nitrogen binding and prepares the soil • Carbon keeper • Is strong and grows where almost nothing else grows • The plant is beautiful • Can be difficult to control • Can destroy local plants

  12. Biomass power plant design in UK

  13. Conclusion • All feasible in Iceland • Great impacts • Pollution buffer • Biodiversity • Using the resources we have • Exists anyway • Icelandic law pushing for further solutions • Waste management • Can go terrible wrong • If not done correct manner • Choosing the right type, place

  14. Thank you!

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