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LANL Medium Energy Nuclear Physics Cold Nuclear Matter and Spin Physics Overview December 14, 2009

LANL Medium Energy Nuclear Physics Cold Nuclear Matter and Spin Physics Overview December 14, 2009 Mike Leitch. Physics Cold Nuclear Matter – gluon saturation & dE/dx Quark dE/dx - FNAL E906 Spin – W’s, Transverse Forward Asymmetries Jlab Transverse Physics Hardware efforts

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LANL Medium Energy Nuclear Physics Cold Nuclear Matter and Spin Physics Overview December 14, 2009

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  1. LANL Medium Energy Nuclear Physics Cold Nuclear Matter and Spin Physics Overview December 14, 2009 Mike Leitch • Physics • Cold Nuclear Matter – gluon saturation & dE/dx • Quark dE/dx - FNAL E906 • Spin – W’s, Transverse Forward Asymmetries • Jlab Transverse Physics • Hardware efforts • Muon Tracker • Forward Vertex Det. (FVTX) • Highlights, Key Roles • EIC & Future Plan D0 or D+ meson pT = 2 GeV

  2. R(A/p) R=1 xF Cold Nuclear Matter (CNM) Physics NSAC Milestone: DM8 – “Determine gluon densities at low x in cold nuclei via p + Au or d + Au collisions.“ Q2 = 1.69 GeV2 nDS • Leading twist gluon shadowing • Coherence models & higher-twist (HT) shadowing • Small-x gluon saturation: 2 1 diagrams become important and deplete the low-x region; amplified in a nucleus. HKN07 EKS98 EPS09 EPS08 E866/NuSea, 800 GeV, J/Ψ p+W / p+Be ratio shadowing only x NSAC Milestone: DM12 – “…constrain the mechanism for parton energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma.” And what about energy loss in cold nuclear matter? R(W/Be) RGPb With energy loss xF

  3. Recent CNM results from d+Au collisions J/ suppression in CNM for RHIC d+Au compared to lower energy experiments (Colorado, Leitch, Pereira) PHENIX Preliminary ,  and  suppression for forward-rapidity (Lei Guo, …) New J/ suppression from 2008 d+Au data (Colorado, Leitch, Pereira) Upsilon signal in 2008 d+Au data (K. Lee (Korea U.), Leitch, …) 2008 d+Au

  4. q, g dbar/ubar at large-x & Quark Energy Loss in Nuclei FNAL E906 (120 GeV) • In E866 at 800 GeV, the nuclear dependence of Drell-Yan on nuclear targets could not unambiguously separate shadowing and dE/dx effects at low x • for 120 GeV, x > 0.1 & only quark dE/dx remains • LANL LDRD, Ming Liu, I. Vitev, 2008-2010 • Detector & physics simulations • Theoretical calculation of quark energy loss in p+A collisions • Station-4 muon detectors: originally developed for other LANL program, shipped to FNAL summer 2009 & being tested • Helped to develop offline code based on E866 software expertise • E906 Collaboration & software meeting @Los Alamos, 1/7/09 • Ming Liu, Pat McGaughey, Mike Leitch, Han Liu, and others Energy loss upper limits based on E866 Drell-Yan measurement & EKS shadowing J-PARC Experiment Runs Expt. Funded Magnet Design Experiment And construction Construction Proposed Jan. 2007 Publications 2012 2009 2008 2011 2010

  5. Spin Physics – Forward W’s NSAC Milestone: HP8 – “Measure flavor-identified q and qbar contributions to the spin of the proton via the longitudinal-spin asymmetry.” light hadron backgrounds Backgrounds reduced by ~10-5 with only 50% loss in W signal (with FVTX+Muon Tracker) Tr+FVTX track & isolation cuts W± ± Expected Significance of W measurement in Muon arms (assumes 70% polarization & 300 or 1300 pb-1) • Present Muon tracker resolution good enough so far for J/, but only ~300 m • Need (design) 100 m to separate W+ from W- at high momentum! • LANL group, led by Ming Liu, studying low-level cluster resolution, alignment, pileup/crosstalk, etc to reach the design resolution

  6. Drell-Yan Transverse Spin – fundamental test of Sivers Effect J/ NSAC Milestone: HP13 – “Test unique QCD predictions for relations between single-spin phenomena in p-p scattering and those observed in deep-inelastic lepton scattering” Drell-Yan • Sivers function – correlation between parton pT inside proton and the proton spin • opposite sign expected for Drell-Yan compared to DIS - attractive vs repulsive color charge force  states charm beauty Expected uncertainties for p+p at s = 200 GeV with 250 pb-1 & P = 70% compared to theoretical calculation “Transverse-Spin Drell-Yan Physics at RHIC” (http://spin.riken.bnl.gov/rsc/write-up/dy_final.pdf) Les Bland, Stanley J. Brodsky, Gerry Bunce, Ming Liu, Matthias Grosse-Perdekamp, Akio Ogawa, Werner Vogelsang, Feng Yuan PHENIX Muon Arms • PHENIX muon arms only forward rapidity charge separated di-leptons • use FVTX to reduce light & heavy-quark backgrounds & for isolation cuts on muons

  7. Transverse Spin Asymmetries • Preliminary measurement for 2006 single muons • higher twist (tri-gluon) driven asymmetries • excludes maximum gluon Sivers from Anselmino PRD 70, 074205 (2004) • precision measurement with FVTX in the future • First J/ AN measurement • Constrains gluon Sivers function • F. Yuan PRD 78, 014024 (2008) • Future higher statistics result can test the J/ production mechanism • H. Liu (chair), Aidala, M. Liu,… writing paper

  8. J-Lab 6 GeV Physics Other JLab-6 GeV completed experiments Xiaodong + Puckett (LDRD supported PD) • Neutron SIDIS asymmetry ALT and TMD parton distribution g1T (x). • 3He(e,e’) inclusive target SSA and constraints on GPD moments Further develpments relevant for 12-GeV JLab Current Issue - Sivers and Collins Asymmetries from SIDIS • Recent COMPASS results for Sivers asymmetry are different from naïve expectation based on earlier HERMES measurements • Why? -- Different kinematics, Experimental and/or Theoretical uncertainties? • But Collins asymmetries are consistent E06-010 Transverse neutron Single Spin Asymm. (SSA) • Independent measurement • Jiang & Puckett 16o g* BigBite 30o HRSL p e’ Polarized 3He Target e

  9. LANL Contributed PHENIX Muon Trackers • Muon Tracker Contributions - Designed, built, installed, commissioned muon tracker systems. • Current Responsibilities - DC Member, provide many on-call expert shifts per run, coordinate and perform maintainence each shut down, working closely with Muon Trigger upgrade • Muon Tracker Analyses - Have provided much of the simulation and reconstruction software, as well as online QA software for the Muon Trackers. Lead roles in most muon physics analyses (sustained staff, post-doc effort required for maintenance of detectors)

  10. prompt pm Silicon Trackers Enhance RHIC Physics Program FVTX (Forward VerteX detector) - significantly enhancing the Muon Physics program with precision tracking Physics Measurements - precision open heavy flavor measurements, flavor-separation, significantly improved vector meson program, Drell-Yan, improved W background rejection LDRD funds - signficantly advanced R&D & theory LANL Role - Project Leaders, DAQ, sensor and readout chip, software Cost $4.9M, Completion 2011 - for Run12 LANL Initiated + Leading FVTX Effort Cage Half Disk m from D and B

  11. Some Performance Projections for FVTX J/Ψ Improvement in J/Ψ, Ψ’ mass resolution (track msmt in front of absorber) and lower background (elimination of light meson decays) Ψ’ Heavy quark single muon suppression accuracy for two different energy loss models

  12. Key Roles • PHENIX Physics Working Group Convener – Leitch (present), Aidala (past), Brooks (past) • PHENIX Paper Writing – many PPG’s & IRC’s • PHENIX Executive Council - Leitch • PHENIX Speakers Bureau – Leitch, Aidala • PHENIX Deputy Director for Upgrades - Leitch • PHENIX Detector Council Member for Muon Tracker – Leitch (present), Brooks, McGaughey (past) • PHENIX Run Coordinator for 2007 & 2008 – Leitch • PHENIX Period Coordinators – Liu, Leitch • FVTX Project Leaders – Brooks, Kapustinsky • FVTX & VTX Lead Mechanical Engineer – Sondheim • Co-convener of RHIC-II pA/Forward Physics – Leitch • FNAL E866/NuSea Spokesman – Leitch, McGaughey (past), Garvey (past) • Organizers for 2010 Santa Fe DNP meeting – Brooks, Leitch, Vitev • APS Hadron Phys. Topical Group Exec. Council – Leitch (past)

  13. Some Recent Highlights • 2008 d+Au J/Ψ RCP for QM09 - Leitch + Colorado • , ,  RCP in d+Au at forward rapidity – Guo • Working on  and C – K. Lee (Korea U.), Leitch • ALL and AN for forward heavy-quarks and for J/ - M. Liu, H. Liu • Forward rapidity η AN using forward calorimeter (MPC) – Aidala • E06-10/-011 (neutron AN) co-spokesman, leading analysis – Jiang, Puckett • Hawaii DNP mtg d+Au talk; two d+Au J/Ψ talks at ECT & Seattle/INT; Lead PHENIX talk at QM09 - Leitch • Rutgers LRP mtg d+Au talk - Leitch • RHIC/AGS ‘07, ‘08 & PKU-RBRC ‘08Transverse Spin talks – H. Liu • WWND 10 Transverse Spin; PKU-RBRC ‘08 Drell-Yan talks – M. Liu • EINN 09, HANUC ‘09 Lectures, SPIN ‘08, … invited talks – Aidala • EIC talk at WWND ‘08, - Aidala • Transversity ‘08 – Jiang • RHIC Spin Drell-Yan white paper – M. Liu coauthor • E906 muID tubes, 1st detectors on floor at FNAL – M. Liu, H. Liu, McGaughey • CNI Polarimeter results for 2006 run – H. Liu, Camacho • E906 Collaboration mtg in Los Alamos – M. Liu & others • SpinFest organizer – M. Liu

  14. Extending Gluon Saturation & Energy Loss Studies to an Electron-Ion Collider • Gluon distributions in Nuclei • DIS with wide x coverage & large luminosity • , , J/Ψ production on nuclei • spatial dependence of distributions • Forward  production (DVCS) • Diffractive interactions with (colorless) multi-gluon virtual excitations (Pomerons) • Energy loss & hadronization in CNM • DIS hadron & heavy-quark production • Electron in e+A is clean well understood probe • but d+Au is more direct gluon probe

  15. Outlook: LANL Medium Energy Physics PHENIX Preliminary • Continue active leadership of the CNM Program centered on PHENIX • Push E906 through to dE/dx physics result • Lead in the muon detector based forward-rapidity RHIC spin program • Work towards W msmt • solve high-momentum charge separation problem in muon tracker • Forward-rapidity transverse asymmetry measurements • Harvest new physics enabled by the PHENIX FVTX upgrade • Carry out analysis of present JLAB data; low-level 12-GeV JLab physics? • Explore EIC physics and establish role in detector development

  16. A Decadal View for the LANL ME Physics Program rough milestones Physics with FVTX for multiple species of collisions FVTX construction EIC physics development LANL detector initiative & physics planning • E906 enabled by new Director’s (LDRD) Post Doc and/or student • JLab ANn enabled by present Dir’s PD & LDRD ER, finishes present analyses • 12-GeV Jlab does not fit; possible LDRD? • Polarized DY (at JParc), LHC p+A are other more virtual but interesting possibilities

  17. Fitting Effort into Available FTE’s • FVTX & Muon Tracker hardware work to enable above physics • E906 LDRD ends at end of FY10 • PD’s in LDRD column are supported by LDRD

  18. Fitting Effort into Available FTE’s • FVTX & Muon Tracker hardware work to enable above physics • JLab staff effort requires new LDRD support • New (LDRD) PD enables E906 completion through physics • PD’s in LDRD column are supported by LDRD

  19. Fitting Effort into Available FTE’s • FVTX & Muon Tracker hardware work to enable above physics • PD’s in LDRD column are supported by LDRD

  20. Backup

  21. Physics Viability of the RHIC Polarized Beam Operations * Oct 2009 RHIC projections – W. Fischer et al. • Polarized p+p Accelerator Improvements: • new polarized source - +10% in polarization • AGS horizontal tune jump - +5% polarization? • *  0.6 • 9 Mhz & other RF improvements • spin flipper, electron lens deFlorian projections • W physics goal: 300 pb-1 delivered at 70% polariz. • PHENIX recorded/delivered = 1/3 • achieved/goal = • (18 pb-1 x 20 wks x 1/3 x 0.342)/(300 pb-1 x 0.72) = 1/10 • projected/goal = • (83 pb-1 x 20 wks x 1/3 x 0.652)/(300 pb-1 x 0.72) = 1.6 800 pb-1

  22. FVTX Details • 75 m pitch strips in radial dir., 3.75° in  • Radiation length < 2.4%/wedge • Data push FPHX readout chip • High density interconnect cable • ROC (big wheel area in Interaction Region) • FEM (VME crate in Counting House) • PHENIX Data Collection Modules HDI ROC, IR sensor FEM, Counting House FPHX

  23. FY09 Progress • Wedge Components • Prototype sensors procured, tested, and production order placed • 1st and 2nd round FPHX chips tested and production order placed • HDI prototype tested, 2nd prototype order in progress • Backplane production order placed • Detector Assembly • SOW, schedule in place for wedge assembly at FNAL Silicon Fabrication Facility (SiDet). Several prototypes assembled • Final design for wedge assembly fixtures completed, fab at UNM • Assembly areas being prepared at BNL • DAQ • 2nd round ROC in progress, first round used extensively in • wedge testing • FEM prototype ready for procurement • Mechanics • Cage, backplane and disk designs completed, fab in progress HDI FPHX Wedge ROC FEM Cage

  24. Some of the Logic behind our Proposed Plan • RHIC • already have Nat. Lab. scale role incl. FVTX, Muon Tracker & PHENIX mgmt • work together with our larger H.I. program • harvesting FVTX-enabled physics – CNM & spin • spin msmts now viable with higher luminosity & polarization • new opportunities in forward transverse spin • JLab • no Nat. Lab. scale role; would take redirection of whole LANL ME effort to JLab • EIC relationship? • maintain at low level expertise, etc for future EIC • if EIC fails, JLab 12-GeV is an alternative • E906 • already have Nat. Lab scale (hardware) contribution • huge physics overlap with past FNAL and present RHIC d+Au programs • but, if cannot add LDRD PD and/or student, then cannot stay in E906 to physics • JParc? • nice followup to E906 (polariz.) but doesn’t fit in base program • LHC p+A? • also nice complement to E906 & RHIC d+Au • and we do “have” a small H.I. presence at LHC already

  25. JLab 6-GeV JLab 12-GeV

  26. Schedule for Today 8:30 Welcome and Charge – Scott Wilburn (10 min) 9:15 Medium Energy Physics Overview – Melynda Brooks (10+5 min) 8:40 Physics Overview, Key Roles, 5-year Plan – Mike Leitch (25+10 min) 9:30 Cold Nuclear Matter (CNM) Physics – Mike Leitch (15+10 min) 9:55 E906 and CNM Energy loss – Pat McGaughey (10+5 min) 10:10 Break 10:30 RHIC Spin – Ming Liu (20+10 min) 11:00 Transverse Spin and SIDIS at JLab – Xiaodong Jiang (15+10 min) 11:25 Future Physics at JLab – Andrew Puckett (10+5) 11:40 Electron Ion Collider – Christine Aidala (15+5 min) 12:00 Lunch 1:00 Executive Session 3:00 Closeout 6:30 Dinner

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