Plant-Like & Fungus-Like Protists

1. Plant-Like & Fungus-Like Protists Unit 6 – Lecture 3

2. Algae – an Introduction • Alga – plant like protist – plural, algae • unicellular or multicellular • major producer of world’s oxygen • sexual or asexual reproduction or both • alternation of generations • autotrophic – photosynthetic

3. Algae – An introduction • Six Phyla of Algae • Euglenophyta • Bacilliarophyta • Dinoflagellata • Chlorophyta • Rhodophyta • Phaeophyta

4. Discuss • All of these end in “phyta” • phyte, phyto or phyta refer to being ____________ like or being a ______________.

5. Euglenophyta • the Euglenoids • plant-like photo-synthesis, but animal-like movement w/ flagellum • unicellular • autotroph and heterotroph • asexual reproduction • pellicle & red eye-spot (eyespot)

6. Bacillarophyta • Diatoms • unicellular • autotrophic – photosynthetic • chlorophyll & carotenoids • asexual or sexual reproduction • silica shells, diverse shapes • food storage as OIL not starch

7. Dinoflagellata • Dinoflagellates • have 2 (“di”) flagella • unicellular • autotrophic – photosynthetic • chlorophyll & carotenoids

8. Dinoflagellata • asexual reproduction [or weird fusion…] • thick cellulose plates • bioluminescence • can be harmful

9. Dinoflagellata • red tide

10. Discuss • Which phylum of algae… • have shells made of glass? • are responsible for the harmful red tides? • are both auto- and hetero- trophic? • Which type(s) of algae are phytoplankton, and what great benefit do phytoplankton serve?

11. Chlorophyta • Green Algae – most diverse • unicellular, multicellular, or colonial • most in water butall need moistplace to survive…

12. Chlorophyta …a moist place like a SLOTH! [only 2 – 4 meters per minute ]

13. Chlorophyta • can have flagella • alternation of generations

14. Alternation of Generations • type of reproduction utilizing asexual & sexual means

15. Alternation of Generations • offspring generations alternate between being haploid [1n] in one generation to being diploid [2n] the next.

16. Alternation of Generations • Sporophyte [2n] produces spores [1n]through meiosis

17. Alternation of Generations • Spores [1n] producegametophytes [1n] throughmitosis

18. Alternation of Generations • Gametophyte [1n]produces gametes [1n]through mitosis

19. Alternation of Generations • Gametes [1n] fuse in fertilization to produce zygote [2n]

20. Alternation of Generations • Zygote [2n] grows to become embryo [2n]

21. Alternation of Generations • Embryo [2n] grows to become sporophyte [2n]… • etc.

22. Discuss – What You Need to Know About Alternation of Generations • type of reproduction utilizing _______________ & _______________ means • offspring generations alternate between being _______________ [1n] in one generation to being _______________ [2n] the next. • gametophytes [1n] make _______________ [1n] through mitosis • sporophytes [2n] make _______________ [1n] through meiosis

23. Other Phyla • Rhodophyta – sea weeds, red algae

24. Other Phyla • Phaeophyta – brown algae, kelp • most in salt water • have air bladders to keep them afloat

25. Discuss • What is the most diverse group of plant-like protists?

26. Fungus-Like Protists • Slime Molds, Water Molds, & Downy Mildews • unicellular to colonial • heterotrophic – saphrophytic • have cell walls • live in moist places • all have movement at some point in their life cycle to get to food

27. Fungus-Like Protists • “mycota” / “mycete” – fungus or fungus-like • examples • myxomycota – plasmodial slime molds • form a plasmodium • no cell wall • no membranes

28. Fungus-Like Protists • “mycota” / “mycete” – fungus or fungus-like • examples • myxomycota – plasmodial slime molds • form a plasmodium • many nuclei – cells merge together into a large mass • amoeboid movement • reproduce with spores

29. Fungus-Like Protists • “mycota” / “mycete” – fungus or fungus-like • examples • acrasiomycota – cellular slime molds • come together to reproduce only when food is scarce – otherwise, independent • has cell membrane • haploid during entire life cycle

30. Fungus-Like Protists • “mycota” / “mycete” – fungus or fungus-like • examples • oomycota – water molds & downy mildews • produce flagellated reproductive cells • very large and diverse group

31. Discuss • What word refers to… • the color red? • the color green? • the color brown? • plant or plant-like? • fungus or fungus-like?

32. Homework • complete the Euglena Reading & Coloring w/s • [and finish the webquest if you haven’t done so… it’s due tomorrow]