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Global Education Reform: Analyzing 40 Years of K-12 Developments

This session, led by Alan Ruby, examines education reforms over the past 40 years, focusing on K-12 systems in the developed world. It outlines six fundamental insights and identifies five recurring themes that shape educational practices. Participants will explore critical issues such as reform fatigue, the significance of context in reform execution, the impact of trust in education, and the balance of centralization versus decentralization. By looking ahead, the session aims to benchmark against global best practices and establish standards for future educational success.

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Global Education Reform: Analyzing 40 Years of K-12 Developments

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Education reform @ the World Alan Ruby Senior Fellow for International Education Graduate School of Education

  2. AIM • Review education reforms of the past 40 years • Focus on K-12 • & the developed world

  3. Structure of this Session • 6 Fundamentals • 5 Themes • 3 Ways of Looking Ahead

  4. Fundamental 1: There is a lot of “reform” • “Steady work” • Plagues & Pandemics • Examples

  5. Fundamental 2: Ephemeral or Fantastic? • Issue attention cycles • “Half life” • Transient or enduring

  6. Fundamental 3: Sloth • Conservative institutions • Reform fatigue • Contested ideas in a contested domain

  7. Fundamental 4: Learning from Success and Failure • Context matters • Good design and bad execution • Transferability and sustainability

  8. Fundamental 5: Never Trust a Number • Indian engineers • Absenteeism • “I out of 5 Stats is Bogus”

  9. Fundamental 6: Follow the $

  10. 5 Recurring Themes • Trust • Choice • Locus of Control • Competing Missions • Access and Inclusion

  11. 1. Trust • Professional capacity of teachers • Competence of parents • Ability of students • Moral authority of the State

  12. 2. Choice • Schools • Subject • Teacher • Language of Instruction

  13. 3. Locus of Control • Centralization vs. decentralization • Command and control versus Autonomy • Who pays and How?

  14. 4. Competing Missions • Socialization • Melting pots and nation building • Economic Competiveness

  15. 5. Access and Inclusion. • Elite to Mass to Universal • Equality and Signaling and Sorting

  16. Ways to Look Ahead • Survey the Horizon • Benchmarks • Hallmarks

  17. Surveying the Horizon • Look out Not Down • Look Out!

  18. Benchmarking • Against the best at the task • Not the best in class • For a reason

  19. Hallmarks • Standards • Brands • Trust

  20. Reprise • 6 Fundamentals • 5 Themes • 3 ways to Look Ahead

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