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Evolution of Modern Art: From Impressionism to Futurism

Explore the rich history of modern art movements from Impressionism to Futurism, including key artists, techniques, and exhibitions that shaped the artistic landscape. Discover how these movements revolutionized representation and perception in art.

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Evolution of Modern Art: From Impressionism to Futurism

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  1. Il modernismo e le arti • “Three years ago in Paris I gotout of a ‘metro’ train at La Concorde, and sawsuddenly a beautiful face, and thenanotherand another, and then a beautiful child’s face, and thenanother beautiful woman, and I triedallthatdaytofindwordsforwhatthishadmeantto me, and I couldnotfindanywordsthatseemedto me worthy, or aslovelyasthatsuddenemotion. And thatevening, as I went home along the Rue Raynourd, I wasstilltrying and I found, suddenly, the expression. I do notmeanthat I foundwords, buttherecameanequation … not in speech, but in littlesplotchesofcolour. Itwas just that – a ‘pattern’, or hardly a pattern, ifby ‘pattern’ youmeansomethingyou ‘repeat’in it. Butitwas a word, the beginningfor me of a language in colour.” EzraPound, “Vorticism”, FortnightlyReview, 1 Sept. 1914 • The apparition of these faces in the crowd;/Petals on a wet, black bough. EzraPound, In a Station of the Metro

  2. Monet, Impression. Sunrise

  3. Impressionism • 1874: Monet, Impression. Sunrise • Mainrepresentatives: Manet, Monet, Degas, Renoir, Sisley, Pissarro • 1874-1886: EightExhibitions • Transcriptionofvisual reality asitaffected the retina of the painterwithin a discrete, short periodoftime • Tocapture the effectof light and colour in aninstantoftime

  4. Impressionism2 • Connection withcontemporarywriting and thinkingaboutphotography • Connection withNaturalism • Recognitionof the subjectivityof the actofrepresentationaltranscription • Impressionismfetishized the roleof the subjectiveperception in the actofrepresentation • Thisaestheticdecisionwastorevolutionize, and definemodern art

  5. Impressionism – techniques • Short thickstrokesofpaint • Coloursappliedside-by-side • Colours mix in the eyeof the viewer • Emphasis on the play ofnatural light • Painting en plein air

  6. Monet Monet, Haystacks Monet, Haystacks

  7. Impressionism in England • Paul Durand-Ruel:French art dealer. HeorganizedexhibitionsofImpressionism in England • London: 11 exhibitionsbetween 1870 and 1875 • 1882 – Exhibition at the DowndeswellGalleries • 1905- Exhibition at the GraftonGalleries

  8. Neo-impressionismo or ScientificImpressionism • Georges Seurat • Paintingbased on the conscious and rigorousapplicationofcontemporaryscientifictheories on light and humanperception • Paintingreducedtoitssmallestelements – the molecule or dot • Works composedof discrete dots or pointsofcolourhence the nameofpointillisme or divisionism

  9. Neoimpressionism Georges Seurat, A SummerSunday at the Grande Jatte, 1884

  10. Post-impressionism • Termcoinedby Roger Fry in 1906 • Gauguin, Cézanne, Seurat, and Van Gogh a conscious departure from what these artists considered the narrowly optical art of impressionism

  11. Cubism Pablo Picasso, LesDamoiselles d’Avignon, 1907

  12. Cubism • Founders: Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), Georges Braque (1882-1963) • Break with the principleofonepointperspective • Attemptto render the three-dimensionalityofanobjectin the twodimensionsof the canvas • No fixed, single perspective • Collage technique

  13. Cubism2 • Mainphases • 1909-12 AnalyticalCubism: objectsreducedtotheirgeometricalstructures, monochromaticpaintings in ordertocapture the “essentialqualities” of the picturedobject • 1912 onwardsSyntheticCubism: practiceof collage, elementsofpopular culture (wall-paper, posters, theatretickets etc.), emphasis on the artificialityof the image

  14. Pablo Picasso, Ritratto di AmbroiseVollard

  15. Futurismo Giacomo Balla, Volo di una rondine

  16. Futurismo Giacomo Balla, Volo di rondini

  17. Futurism • Marinetti publishedIl Manifesto del Futurismo – Le Figaro 20 February 1909 • Manifesto dei Pittori Futuristi - 11 February 1910 (Boccioni, Balla, Carrà, Russolo, Severini) • Manifesto Tecnico della Pittura Futurista - 11 April 1910 (Boccioni, Balla, Carrà, Russolo, Severini)

  18. Futurism 2 • Enthusiasmformodernity • Motion • Simultaneity • Technology • Speed • City • Beauty of the machine

  19. Futurismo Giacomo Balla, Dinamismo di un cane al guinzaglio

  20. Futurismo Umberto Boccioni, La città sale

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