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The Han Dynasty: Rise, Tradition, and Fall of Unified China

The Han Dynasty marked a significant era in Chinese history, beginning with Liu Bang's victory in the civil war after the Qin Dynasty, establishing a centralized government. This period is characterized by the promotion of Confucian values, social and bureaucratic structure, and technological advancements such as the invention of paper. Under the rule of Wudi, the empire expanded significantly, unifying diverse cultures. However, the decline began due to economic, social, and political challenges, ultimately leading to Wang Mang's brief interruption before the eventual return of the true Han lineage.

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The Han Dynasty: Rise, Tradition, and Fall of Unified China

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  1. The Han Dynasty The Rise, The Tradition, and The Fall

  2. The Han Restore Unity to China • Liu Bang • Won the Civil War after the Qin Dynasty • Establish Centralized Government • Destroy Rival Kings’ power • Local provincials called commentaries were established • Lowered Taxes • Won the popularity of the people • Empress Lü • Took control after her husband’s death through her infant sons. • Martial Emperor • Wudi who was Liu Bang’s great grandson • Expanded the empire through war

  3. Highly Structured Society • Society structure similar to the Egyptians • page 202 • Government- Bureaucracy • Taxes • Monthly service in the military or in labor • Confucianism • The belief in respect, generosity, truthfulness, industrious, and kindness • The above qualities was Wudi wanted in his gov’t • He set up school for Civil Service people to be taught

  4. Han Technology, Commerce and Culture • Invention of Paper • Led to books being more accessible led to more educated people led to Chinese bureaucracy to spread • Farming • Collaring the Horse • Perfecting the plow • Inventing the wheelbarrow

  5. Han Unifies Chinese Culture • A. Assimilation- the process of making conquered people part of the Chinese rule • Intermarry • Established schools to teach Confucianism • Recorded Chinese History • B. Women’s Roles • Devote themselves to their families (peasants) • Upper-class were able to obtain an education • Ran small shops or practiced medicine

  6. The Fall of the Han and the Return • The Rich Take Advantage of the Poor • Farmers from each generation obtain smaller plots of land= smaller amounts of crops=less income=debt to the rich • Wang Mang • Overseer during the reign of an infant • He took over (saw the need for a strong ruler) • He minted new coin • He set up public granaries • To feed the poor • A Major Flood • Killed thousands and made millions homeless • Peasant and noble families up rise against the emperor • Wang Mang was assonated

  7. The Return of the True Han Family • Rise of an original family member • But the lasting years of the Han rule was filled with troubles, such as: • Economic weakness • Social weakness • Political weakness

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