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Reactions of Metals. Metal Reactions. Metal + oxygen. Metal + water. Metal + acid. Metal + acid. When a metal reacts with acid, the following reaction takes place: metal + acid metal salt + hydrogen gas A metal salt and hydrogen gas are always produced For example:
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Metal Reactions Metal + oxygen Metal + water Metal + acid
Metal + acid • When a metal reacts with acid, the following reaction takes place: metal + acid metal salt + hydrogen gas • A metal salt and hydrogen gas are always produced For example: magnesium + hydrochloric acid magnesium chloride + hydrogen gas What is the symbol equation for this reaction?
Metal + acid Metal + water Metal + oxygen Balancing equations • When a metal reacts with acid, the following reaction takes place: metal + acid metal salt + hydrogen gas • A metal salt and hydrogen gas are always produced For example: magnesium + hydrochloric acid magnesium chloride + hydrogen gas Mg + HCl MgCl2+ H2 Examples to try
Metal + oxygen • When a metal reacts with oxygen, the following reaction takes place: metal + oxygen metal oxide • A metal oxide is always produced For example: magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide What is the symbol equation for this reaction?
Metal + oxygen Metal + water Balancing equations Metal + acid • When a metal reacts with oxygen, the following reaction takes place: metal + oxygen metal oxide • A metal oxide is always produced For example: magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide Mg + O2 MgO Examples to try
Metal + water • When a metal reacts with water, the following reaction takes place: metal + water metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas • A metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas is always produced For example: calcium + water calcium hydroxide + hydrogen What is the symbol equation for this reaction?
Metal + water Balancing equations Metal + acid Metal + oxygen • When a metal reacts with water, the following reaction takes place: metal + water metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas • A metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas is always produced For example: calcium + water calcium hydroxide + hydrogen Ca + H2O Ca(OH)2+ H2 Examples to try
One Mg on left One H on left Two Cl on left Two Cl on right One Mg on right 2 H on right Balancing Equations • When you balance an equation, you are making sure that number of each atom = number of that atom on the on left hand side right hand side For example: Mg + HCl MgCl2 + H2 2 TRY SOME EXAMPLES FOR YOURSELF…. Final check – OK Mg is balanced Balance the H on left H is balanced Cl is balanced
Try balancing these equations… 1. Mg + O2 MgO 2. Cu(II) + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2 3. K + H2O KOH + H2 4. Al + H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + H2 5. Na + O2 Na2O 1. SOLUTION 2. SOLUTION 3. SOLUTION 4. SOLUTION 5. SOLUTION
2 Mg on right One O on right One Mg on left One Mg on right One Mg on left 2 O on left Mg + O2 MgO Mg + O2 MgO 2 2 Mg is balanced Balance O on the right Balance the Mg on the left Final check – OK Now check the Mg again…
One Cu on right 2 H on right 2 N on right One Cu on left One H on left 2 N on left 6 O on right 6 O on left Cu(II) + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2 Cu(II) + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2 2 Final check – OK Balance H on the left Cu is balanced H is balanced N is balanced O is balanced
3 H on right 3 H on right 2 O on right One K on left One K on right 2 H on left 2 O on left 4 H on left 2 K on right One K on left K + H2O KOH + H2 K + H2O KOH + H2 2 2 2 Final check – OK Balance K on left K is balanced H is balanced Balance H on right K is balanced Balance H on left O is balanced
3 S on right 12 O on right One Al on left 2 Al on right 12 O on left 2 H on left 6 H on left 2 H on left 2 H on right One S on left Al + H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + H2 Al + H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + H2 3 2 3 Final check – OK Al is balanced Balance Al on left H is balanced Balance H on right S is balanced O is balanced Balance S on left H is balanced
One O on right 4 Na on right One Na on left 2 Na on right 2 Na on left 2 O on left Na + O2 Na2O Na + O2 Na2O 2 4 2 Final check – OK Na is balanced Na is balanced Balance Na on left Balance Na on left O is balanced Balance O on right
Metal + water examples Which of the following equations are written correctly?? 1. Mg + H2O Mg(OH)2 + H2 2. Fe(III) + H2O Fe2(OH)3 + H2 3. Zn + H2O ZnOH+ H2 4. Na + H2O Na(OH)3 + H2 5. K + H2O KOH + H2 Need to check a table of ions?? FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE
Metal + oxygen examples Determine the product and write a chemical equation for the word equation below: • copper(II) + oxygen • aluminium + oxygen • zinc + oxygen • sodium + oxygen • iron(II) + oxygen
Metal + oxygen examples Determine the product and write a chemical equation for the word equation below: • copper(II) + oxygen Cu + O2 CuO2 Cu + O CuO Need to check a table of ions?? Cu + O2 CuO Cu + O2 Cu2O
Metal + oxygen examples Determine the product and write a chemical equation for the word equation below: • aluminium + oxygen Al + O AlO Al + O2 AlO2 Need to check a table of ions?? Al + O2 Al3O2 Al + O2 Al2O3
Metal + oxygen examples Determine the product and write a chemical equation for the word equation below: • zinc + oxygen Zn + O2 ZnO Zn + CO2 ZnCO2 Zn + O2 Zn2O3 Need to check a table of ions?? Zn + O2 Zn2O
Metal + oxygen examples Determine the product and write a chemical equation for the word equation below: • sodium + oxygen Need to check a table of ions?? Na + O2 Na2O Na + O NaO Na + O2 NaOO Na + O3 NaO3
Metal + oxygen examples Determine the product and write a chemical equation for the word equation below: • iron(II) + oxygen Fe + O2 Fe2O2 Need to check a table of ions?? Fe + O2 FeO Fe + O2 Fe2O3 Fe + O2 FeO3
Writing ionic equations • To write an ionic equation, you will need a table of ions • You need to balance the charge on the positive (+) ion with the charge on the negative (–) ion For example: magnesium chloride is made up of Mg2+ ions and Cl- ions Cl- Cl- To balance the charges, you need 2 x Cl- ions Mg2+ Therefore the equation is Mg Cl Cl Which is written as MgCl2 Some examples to try….
Metal + acid examples Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • magnesium + sufuric acid • copper(II) + nitric acid • iron (II) + ethanoic acid • silver + nitric acid • sodium + hydrochloric acid • potassium + hydrochloric acid • aluminium + sufuric acid • aluminium + nitric acid Answer 1. Need help with the products? Answer 2. Need help with the products? Answer 3. Need help with the products? Answer 4. Need help with the products? Answer 5. Need help with the products? Answer 6. Need help with the products? 7. Need help with the products? Answer Answer 8. Need help with the products?
Metal + acid examples (1) Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • magnesium + sufuric acid magnesium sulfate + hydrogen gas Now write the symbol equation Need to check a table of ions??
Metal + acid examples Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • magnesium + sufuric acid magnesium sulfate + hydrogen gas Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2
Metal + acid examples (2) Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • copper(II) + nitric acid copper nitrate + hydrogen gas Need to check a table of ions?? Now write the symbol equation
Metal + acid examples Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • copper(II) + nitric acid copper nitrate + hydrogen gas Cu + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2
Metal + acid examples (3) Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • iron (II) + ethanoic acid iron ethanoate + hydrogen gas Now write the symbol equation Need to check a table of ions??
Metal + acid examples Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • iron (II) + ethanoic acid iron ethanoate + hydrogen gas Fe + CH3COOH Fe(CH3COO)2 + H2
Metal + acid examples (4) Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • silver + nitric acid Need to check a table of ions?? silver nitrate + hydrogen gas Now write the symbol equation
Metal + acid examples Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • silver + nitric acid silver nitrate + hydrogen gas Ag + HNO3 Ag2NO3 + H2
Metal + acid examples (5) Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • sodium + hydrochloric acid Need to check a table of ions?? Now write the symbol equation sodium chloride + hydrogen gas
Metal + acid examples Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • sodium + hydrochloric acid Na + HCl NaCl + H2 sodium chloride + hydrogen gas
Metal + acid examples (6) Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • potassium + hydrochloric acid Now write the symbol equation Need to check a table of ions?? potassium chloride + hydrogen gas
Metal + acid examples Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • potassium + hydrochloric acid K + HCl KCl + H2 potassium chloride + hydrogen gas
Metal + acid examples (7) Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • aluminium + sufuric acid Now write the symbol equation Need to check a table of ions?? aluminium sulfate + hydrogen gas
Metal + acid examples Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • aluminium + sufuric acid Al + H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + H2 aluminium sulfate + hydrogen gas
Metal + acid examples (8) Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • aluminium + nitric acid Now write the symbol equation Need to check a table of ions?? aluminium nitrate + hydrogen gas
Metal + acid examples Determine the products and write a chemical equation for the word equations below: • aluminium + nitric acid Al + HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + H2 aluminium nitrate + hydrogen gas
Ionic equation examples…. Write each of the following chemicals using symbols: Remember to balance your positive (+) and negative (-) ions!!! • magnesium oxide • copper(II) sulfate • potassium sulfate • silver nitrate • calcium hydroxide • aluminium chloride • aluminium nitrate • iron(II) hydrogen carbonate Need to check a table of ions??
Ionic equation examples (1) Write each of the following chemicals using symbols: Remember to balance your positive (+) and negative (-) ions!!! • magnesium oxide Ionic equation is: MgO Mg2+ O2-
Ionic equation examples (1) Write each of the following chemicals using symbols: Remember to balance your positive (+) and negative (-) ions!!! • magnesium oxide Ionic equation is: MgO Mg2+ O2-
Ionic equation examples (2) Write each of the following chemicals using symbols: Remember to balance your positive (+) and negative (-) ions!!! • copper(II) sulfate Ionic equation is: CuSO4 SO42- Cu2+
Ionic equation examples (3) Write each of the following chemicals using symbols: Remember to balance your positive (+) and negative (-) ions!!! • potassium sulfate Ionic equation is: K2SO4 K+ K+ SO42-
Ionic equation examples (4) Write each of the following chemicals using symbols: Remember to balance your positive (+) and negative (-) ions!!! • silver nitrate Ionic equation is: AgNO3 Ag+ NO3-