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Discourse Structure

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  1. Discourse Structure Grosz and Sidner

  2. Why bother? • Leads to an account of discourse meaning • Constrains how utterances are related • Useful for explaining interruptions • and the purpose of discourse participants

  3. Linguistic • Structure of the sequence of the utterances • Discourse segments • Utterances within a segment contribute to a common purpose • Drawback: hard to figure out segmentation • Clues: pause lengths, cue words, use of referring expressions

  4. Intentional • Discourse Purpose – reason why discourse happens in the first place • Discourse Segment Purpose – how a segment contributes to the DP • Relations • Dominance (DSP1 dominates DSP2) • Satisfaction Precedence (DSP1 sat-pre’s DSP2)

  5. Attentional • Different: property fo Discourse not participants • “abstraction of the participants’ focus of attention as their discourse unfolds” • Dynamic stack that records salient objects, properties and relations • Focusing – process of manipulating focus spaces on attentional (focus) stack

  6. Attentional • DS’s tied to focus spaces. • Pushed and popped off stack depending on dominance hierarchy • Focus stack: only what is relevant at that time, Intentional – complete record • At end of discourse, focus stack is empty • Only attentional state constrains referring expressions

  7. Processing Issues • How does OCP judge segmentation? • Intention recognition: • Cue phrases • Utterance level intentions • Shared knowledge about actions and objects in domain

  8. Processing Issues • Recognition complete at end of segment • But OCP must be able to recognize a generalization of DSP • Focus Stack: • Constrain range of DSP’s for relating to current DSP • Constrain search for possible referents (centering)

  9. Interruptions • True Interruptions • Weak Interruptions/Flashbacks • Digressions

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