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Whales of the World

Whales of the World. Whale Information. Whales belong to the order cetacea, Which includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. Whales are divided into two suborders: baleen and toothed whales. Baleen whales have a comb-like fringe, called a baleen,

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Whales of the World

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  1. Whales of the World

  2. Whale Information Whales belong to the order cetacea, Which includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. Whales are divided into two suborders: baleen and toothed whales. Baleen whales have a comb-like fringe, called a baleen, on the upper jaw, which is used to filter plankton, as well as small fish and crustaceans. They are the largest species of whale. Toothed whales have teeth and prey on fish, squid, other whales and marine mammals. They sense their surrounding environment through echolocation.

  3. Whale Information Like all mammals, whales breathe air into lungs, are warm-blooded, feed their young milk and have some (although very little) hair. Their bodies resemble the streamlined form of a fish, while the forelimbs or flippers are paddle-shaped. The tail fins, or flukes, enable whales to propel themselves through the water. Most species of whale have a fin on their backs known as a dorsal fin.

  4. Whale Information Beneath the skin lies a layer of fat called blubber. It serves as an energy reservoir and also as insulation. Whales breathe through blowholes, located on the top of the head so the animal can remain submerged. Baleen whales have two blowholes, while toothed whales have one.

  5. More Whale Information • Many whales, especially baleen whales, tend to migrate long distances from their cold-water feeding grounds to warm-water breeding grounds each year. They travel alone or in groups, or pods, on their annual migrations. Toothed whales often hunt in groups, migrate together and share young-rearing duties. • Most whales are quite active in the water. They jump high, or breach, out of the water and land back in the water. They also thrust their tails out of the water and slap the water’s surface, which is believed to be a warning of danger nearby. Whales also communicate with each other using lyrical sounds. These sounds are extremely loud depending on the species and can be heard for many miles. • Because of their environment (and unlike many animals) and because they need to breathe air by coming to the water’s surface, whales are conscious breathers, meaning they decide when to breathe. All mammals sleep, including whales, but they cannot afford to fall into an unconscious state for too long, since they need to be conscious to break the surface in order to breathe

  6. Orca or Killer Whale

  7. Killer Whale Facts • You can tell an adult male from an adult female by the shape of their dorsal fin. • A male's fin is very tall (up to 6 feet tall) and triangular shaped.  • A female is shorter (3 feet) and curves back toward the dorsal fin

  8. Male Orca Whale

  9. Female Orca Whale

  10. Orca Whale Links • http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/killer-whale.html • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/whales/species/Orca.shtml • http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/Animals/CreatureFeature/Orca

  11. Sperm Whale

  12. Sperm Whale Facts • Blowhole - the hole on the top of the head through which the whale breathes air. • Box-like head - the sperm whale's head is shaped like a box . • Conical teeth - the sperm whale has huge, conical teeth in the lower jaw (they fit into sockets in the upper jaw). • Dark grey to black skin - the thick skin covers a thick layer of blubber (fat) . • Ear - hearing organs located behind the eyes. • Eye - sight organs located on the head. • Fluke - one half of the wide tail. • Pectoral Fin - the pair of small, wide, flat forelimbs that are used for swimming. • Median notch - the indentation between the two flukes. • Hump - the sperm whale has a small hump on its back .

  13. Sperm Whale Tooth

  14. Sperm Whale

  15. Sperm Whale Links • http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/sperm-whale.html • http://ak.aoos.org/op/eo/index.php?act=mammal_map&stage=2&name=&map=N&info=sperm_whale.php • http://www.teara.govt.nz/EarthSeaAndSky/SeaLife/Whales/6/ENZ-Resources/Standard/4/en • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2LY59j_0WtU&feature=related

  16. Gray Whale

  17. Gray Whale Facts • GENERAL DESCRIPTION • The gray whale is a baleen whale (it is a filter feeder). Whalers used to call them "devilfish" because of their fierce defense they put up when hunted. They have a layer of blubber up to 10 inches (25 cm) thick. There are hairy bristles (vibrassae) on the gray whale's snout and the front of the head. These are used as tactile sensors, like cat's whiskers.

  18. Gray Whale Facts SWIMMING, DIVING, AND BREACHING • Gray whales are very agile swimmers. Gray whales can dive for up to 30 minutes and go 500 feet (155 m) deep. They can swim in even relatively shallow water without running aground. They also breach, jumping partially out of the water and falling back at an angle, splashing and making a loud noise. This may help clean off some of the encrustations of parasites (barnacles and whale lice) or in communicating with other gray whales. Spyhopping is another gray whale activity in which the whale pokes its head up to 10 feet (3 m) out of the water, turning around slowly, to take a look around.

  19. Gray Whale Facts SPOUTING-BREATHING Gray whales breathe air at the surface of the water through 2 blowholes located near the top of the head. At rest, gray whales spout (breathe) 2-3 times per minute. Between deep dives they take deep breaths for about 3-5 minutes. The spout of the gray whale is a noisy stream that rises 10-13 feet (3-4 m) above the water. It can be heard half a mile away.

  20. Gray Whale Links • http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/gray-whale.html • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMFznXz-Uh4 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RNOHi3eQr5Y

  21. Blue Whale

  22. Blue Whale Facts Blue Whales are the world's largest living animal! They have long and streamlined bodies with the head making up a fourth of its body length. The head region is broad and U-shaped. Blue Whales do not have teeth. Instead they have 270-395 plates of baleen on either side of their jaws. Baleen look like long thin teeth placed very close to one another. It is used to catch small animals swimming in the water. Once the animal is caught in the baleen the whale eats it.

  23. Blue Whale Facts Color: Blue Whales are blue-gray in color with white patches covering their body. The undersides of the flippers are lighter in color, and sometimes white, while the underside of the tail is dark. In Antarctica, the North Pacific and the North Atlantic smaller organisms called diatoms attach themselves to Blue Whale's undersides. These organisms give the whales belly a yellowish-green tint.

  24. Blue Whale Facts Length and Weight: The average length of a Blue Whale is 75-80 feet and these long marine mammals can weigh up to 200,000 pounds. Whales in the southern hemisphere are generally larger than those in the northern hemisphere. One whale captured in the southern hemisphere measured 110 feet long. Females are usually larger than males of the same age.

  25. Blue Whale Facts Fins: A small triangular shaped dorsal fin is located on the whales back. This fin measures only one foot in height. The shape and size of the dorsal fin can be very different for each whale. The whale's flippers are short and the tail is broad and triangular in shape.

  26. Blue Whale Links • http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/blue-whale. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YtC-VagE4Y • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmpPxML5zd8

  27. Fin Whale

  28. Fin Whale Facts The fin whale is the second largest living creature on earth. This whale is sometimes called the "greyhound of the sea" because of its fast swimming speed. It can swim up to 23 mph.

  29. Fin Whale Facts The fin whale has an asymmetrical head. The bottom lip is dark on the left sid and white on the right side. Fin whales grow to be about 59 to 72 feet long and weigh about 30 to 80 tons. The females are slightly larger than the males, as with all baleen whales.

  30. Fin Whale Facts Fin whales are carnivores that filter-feed plankton and small fish from the water. They have very fine grey-black baleen that traps very small particles of food. Each side of the upper jaw has 350-400 baleen plates.

  31. Fin Whale Link • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fDSilXugwBI

  32. Humpback Whale

  33. Humpback Whale Facts • The humpback whale is a baleen whale that sings amazing songs. • The humpback has a bulky head with bumpy protuberances (tubercles), each with a bristle. • Humpbacks are acrobats of the ocean, breaching and slapping the water. They live in pods and have 2 blowholes. The name humpback describes the motion it makes as it arches its back out of the water in preparation for a dive.

  34. Humpback Whale Facts • SIZEHumpback whales grow to be about 52 feet long, weighing 30-50 tons. • The females are slightly larger than males, as with all baleen whales.

  35. Humpback Whale Facts • Humpbacks come in 4 different colors, ranging from white to gray to black to mottled. • There are distinctive patches of white on underside of the flukes (tail). These markings are unique to each individual whale. • The humpback's skin is frequently scarred and may have patches covered with barnacles.

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