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MECHANISMS TO DEVELOP NATIONAL UNITY IN MALAYSIA

MECHANISMS TO DEVELOP NATIONAL UNITY IN MALAYSIA. GROUP 9. NATIONAL SERVICE. HISTORY. First proposed in late 2001, brought to committee the next year and finally brought to action in 2003

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MECHANISMS TO DEVELOP NATIONAL UNITY IN MALAYSIA

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  1. MECHANISMS TO DEVELOP NATIONAL UNITY IN MALAYSIA GROUP 9

  2. NATIONAL SERVICE

  3. HISTORY • First proposed in late 2001, brought to committee the next year and finally brought to action in 2003 • The rationale for National Service was to bond the youth of Malaysia together and create a Malaysian nation, as the problem of racial polarisation was found to pervade educational institutions in Malaysia.

  4. BACKGROUND TO THE ETHNIC PROBLEM OF MALAYA • Under British colonial rule the ethnic Malay population was encouraged to concentrate on subsistence agriculture, serving in the military, or working as civil servants. • Ethnic Chinese were already present in what is now Malaysia and usually worked in the commercial sector. More Chinese were brought in to work on the rubber plantations and in the tin mines. • When Chinese were found to be unsuitable for this sort of indentured labour, and unwilling to work under close supervision, they were replaced by Indians.

  5. Malaysia still retains a degree of separation in the economy. Malays still dominate the government and the security forces such as the army and police force. The Chinese are mainly focused in the private sector. Non-Muslim Indians remain the poorest section of Malaysian society. • This has had an impact on the issue of National Service. Some ethnic Malays have not felt they can trust the other communities. Many people from the other communities are reluctant to serve in a Malay-dominated institution like the government bureaucracy, defence force and the police force. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_National_Service

  6. OBJECTIVES OF NS • Develop a young generation who are patriotic and with • love for their country • Enhance unity among the multi-racial communities • in the country • Instill a spirit of caring and volunteerism among society • Produce an active, intelligent and confident generation • Develop positive characteristics among the younger • generation through good values

  7. Defence Minister Dato’ Seri Najib Tun Razak; "This is not a political programme. This is about nation-building. It is to strengthen national unity and national integration."

  8. Najib said Malaysia's programme would differ from those in other countries, such as neighbouring Singapore, where military training is part of the national defence requirements. "Ours is designed for nation-building, with about 30 percent military and physical components," he said. Apart from basic military and firearms training, it will include "patriotic training", character-building and community service” This would involve learning about the country's constitution, policies and laws, and working experience with government agencies and non-governmental organisations

  9. MODULES The program is split into 4 modules: Physical Module - Marching, hand to hand combat, Obstacle courses, jungle trekking, survival training and first aid training Nation Building Module (Kenegaraan) - Classroom based. Nation's history, sovereignty and dignity, Malaysia and international affairs, Defence and National Security and Citizen's responsibility to the nation

  10. Character Building Module (Pembinaan Karakter) - Classroom based. It comprise 2 modules. The first one, Module A speaks about Bringing Out The Best In Me while the second module, Module B, relates to Bringing Out The Best In Others. This component is experential based and relies on games and activities as the means of teaching. It is about instilling good values and Self-confidence, leadership and self-evaluation. Community Service Module (Khidmat Komuniti)- Trainees are sent in groups to places in surrounding areas to give the trainees a chance to serve society. This is about building and restoring public amenities. It also teaches them environmental restoration and protection as well.

  11. RUKUN NEGARA We, the people of Malaysia, pledge our united efforts to attain these ends, guided by these principles: • Belief in God• Loyalty to King and Country• Upholding the Constitution• Sovereignty of the Law, and• Good Behaviour and Morality”

  12. HISTORY • Proclaimed on August 31, 1970 by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong IV. • Introduce as to unite all the people and to preserve democracy aftermath of May 13, 1969 racial clashes.

  13. THE PLEDGE “Our Nation, Malaysia is dedicated to: Achieving a greater unity for all her people; maintaining a democratic way of life; creating a just society in which the wealth of the nation shall be equitably distributed; ensuring a liberal approach to her rich and diverse cultural tradition, and building a progressive society which shall be oriented to modern science and technology. We, the people of Malaysia, pledge our united efforts to attain these ends, guided by these principles: • Belief in God• Loyalty to King and Country• Upholding the Constitution• Sovereignty of the Law, and• Good Behaviour and Morality”

  14. REVIEW • Rukun Negara plays a vital role in strengthening unity among Malaysians. • Deputy Prime Minister, Dato' Seri Najib Tun Razak said, “Mutual tolerance among the people is very much needed in a multiracial society like Malaysia”

  15. In his speech read by Information Minister, Dato' Seri Panglima Abdul Kadir Sheikh Fadzir at a Rukun Negara Appreciation Ceremony, Dato' Seri Najib said, “The five principles of Rukun Negara have strongly bonded the people together. It has been and is guiding Malaysians in moving towards solidarity”

  16. ISSUE HONESTLY Do you know the pledge of Rukun Negara? When was the last time you recite it?

  17. According to Information Minister, Dato' Seri Panglima Abdul Kadir Sheikh Fadzir “from the random study of Malaysians, 100% do not know what is Rukun Negara” (Utusan Malaysia, January 23, 2006)

  18. STEP TAKEN • The Information Ministry has therefore launched the "Rukun Negara appreciation campaign" throughout the country to revive the spirit of Rukun Negara. • Minister of Information, Dato' Seri Kadir Sheikh Fadzir said the Rukun Negara should be practiced by all Malaysians as the spirit is fading fast. • He added that solidarity and political stability can be achieved if all the five principles of Rukun Negara are adhered to

  19. In school… “our campaign is to revise the philosophical and ideological of Rukun Negara especially in primary school. Rukun Negara are able to reduce social ills, crime and etc among Malaysians especially students and youth” “this campaign also to strengthen the unity among all races in Malaysia”

  20. CULTURE

  21. Malay culture– the base of the national culture Islam – important element in the formulation of the national culture • The Malay culture upholds Islamic values i.e integrity, honesty, sincerity and good neighbourliness, and especially belief in God. • Muslims are brothers, while non Muslims are respected as neighbours.

  22. The Malay culture places high value on courtesy, moderation and harmony. • Harmonious and cordial relations among family members, neighbours and community, at national and international levels, are necessary to promote tolerance and mutual respect for each other’s customs and traditions.

  23. “Inculcating positive cultural values among Malaysians” -RMK 9-

  24. What step has been taken by the government? • Through campaign: ‘BUDI BAHASA BUDAYA KITA’ • Helps to inculcate and develop national unity.

  25. Respect and honour all human beings irrespective of their religion, colour, race, sex, language, status, property, birth, profession/joband so on

  26. FESTIVALS

  27. Hari Raya, Chinese New Year, Deepavali, Christmas, Gawai Day and other auspicious occasions are celebrated as important festivals. • The government organised Malaysian Open Houses to celebrate festivals. • These celebrations reflected the spirit of national unity and harmony in multicultural Malaysia.

  28. LANGUAGE

  29. BAHASA MELAYU • National language of the country. • Declared the official language in Malaysia in 1967 following the passing of the National Language Act by Parliament. • The government promotes the use of the national language to foster national unity.

  30. HOW COULD IT BE EFFECTIVELY IMPLEMENTED?

  31. Making the medium of instruction in schools and institutions of higher learning in the country, besides being the official language in government administration. HOWEVER…. • The people are free to use their mother tongue and other languages.

  32. “Speak in a civilised manner in a language that is recognised by the society and is commonly used” Quran (4:5)

  33. EDUCATION

  34. VISION SCHOOLS

  35. DEFINITION • Primary schools. • Concept = children learning together within an area without regard for race or religion. • Under this concept, two or three primary schools of different streams are placed in the same area. • Each school will have its own building which can be joined to the other schools by a link-way.www.kpm.edu.gov (5 April 2005)

  36. Pekan Baru Vision School Complex, Parit Buntar, Perak Taman Aman Vision School Complex, Alor Setar, Kedah Tasik Permai Vision School Complex, Pulau Pinang USJ 15 Vision School Complex, Subang Jaya, Selangor Pundut Vision School Complex, Seri Manjung, Perak EXAMPLES

  37. HOW VISION SCHOOL (VS) HELPS IN DEVELOPING NATIONAL UNITY? • VS helps to instil the spirit of integration among pupils of different streams. • VS encourages maximum interaction among the pupils through the sharing of school facilities and implementation of other activities in school. www.kpm.edu.gov (5 April 2005)

  38. TEACHER’S ROLE

  39. WHY TEACHER’S ROLE IS IMPORTANT? • Spends hours with students in school • Close with children – 2nd after parents • Influential • Trusted by students

  40. HOW TEACHERS CAN HELP IN DEVELOPING NATIONAL UNITY? 1) Encourage cooperation among students. Eg: Group activities - each group must have mix of races. 2) Have a good relationships with students regards of races - treat all equally.

  41. 3) Tell students the uniqueness of each culture. Eg: food, clothes @ dress. 4) Show and explain the benefits and importance of unity among races and vice versa. Eg: May 13.

  42. "And we set you up as nations and tribes so that you may be able to recognize each other“Quran (49:13)

  43. DISCUSSION “ From your opinion, do you think that vernacular schools like Indian and Chinese vernacular schools, contribute to the disunity among Malaysian citizens? ”

  44. Bibliography WORLD WIDE WEB • http://english.islamway.com/bindex.php?sectionfiltered=article&id=271 • http://kpm.edu.gov • http://www.parlimen.gov.my/opindexbi/pdf/OPDR22062005.pdf • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_National_Service • http://besonline.rtm.net.my • http://www.epu.jpm.my/rm9/english/Chapter23.pdf. ARTICLES • Utusan Malaysia, January 23, 2006

  45. GROUP MEMBERS • Siti Hafiza Samsuddin • Norhafizah Hanoom bt Ahmad Azman Khan • Fatimah Mohd Zain

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