doulos /doo·los A slave, bondman, man of servile condition.

1. "Paul and Timothy, bond-servants of Christ Jesus, To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, including the overseers and deacons: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. I thank my God in all my remembrance of you, always offering prayer with joy in my every prayer for you all, in view of your participation in the gospel from the first day until now. For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in real knowledge and all discernment, so that you may approve the things that are excellent, in order to be sincere and blameless until the day of Christ; having been filled with the fruit of righteousness which comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God. (Philippians 1:1-11)

2. "Paul and Timothy, bond-servants of Christ Jesus, To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, including the overseers and deacons: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. I thank my God in all my remembrance of you, always offering prayer with joy in my every prayer for you all, in view of your participation in the gospel from the first day until now. doulos /doo·los A slave, bondman, man of servile condition. Metaphor, one who gives himself up to another’s will those whose service is used by Christ in extending and advancing His cause among men. Devoted to another to the disregard of one’s own interests. One who is a slave in the sense of becoming the property of an owner. Louw & Nida Pertaining to a state of being completely controlled by someone or something Louw & Nida “Slaves” does not refer to office although Paul at times applies this word only to himself. Paul and Timothy are Christ’s because he has both bought them and taken them into his service. No special form of service is indicated by the word. It, of course, denotes work, and many who today love to be called “church workers” should learn what Paul means by “slaves,” namely men who in all their work have no will of their own but only their Owner’s will and Word. Lenski

3. Paul calls Timothy and himself servants of Jesus Christ. There is no definite article in the Greek. They were servants by nature. The word is doulos (δουλος) and refers to one bound to another. Paul was bound to Jesus Christ by the bands of a constraining love. It refers to one born into slavery. Paul was born into slavery to sin by his first birth, and into the position of a loving bondslave of the Lord Jesus by his new birth. It refers to one who is in a relation to another which only death can break. Paul’s relation to Satan was broken by his identification with Christ in His death. He now is in a relation to Jesus Christ which will last forever, since Christ can never die again, and Paul’s life is Christ. It refers to one whose will is swallowed up in the will of another. Paul’s will was at one time swallowed up in the will of Satan. Now his will is swallowed up in the sweet will of God. It refers to one who serves another even to the disregard of his own interests. Paul served Satan to the detriment of his own interests. Now he serves the Lord Jesus with a reckless abandon, not regarding his own interests. Wuest's word studies from the Greek New Testament Why is this concept important for us to understand ? The highest honor of the greatest apostle, and most eminent ministers, is to be the servants of Jesus Christ; not the masters of the churches, but the servants of Christ. Henry, M

4. "Paul and Timothy, bond-servants of Christ Jesus, To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, including the overseers and deacons: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. I thank my God in all my remembrance of you, always offering prayer with joy in my every prayer for you all, in view of your participation in the gospel from the first day until now. He mentions the church before the ministers, because the ministers are for the church, for their edification and benefit, not the churches for the ministers, for their dignity, dominion, and wealth. They are not only the servants of Christ, but the servants of the church for his sake. The Christians here are called saints; set apart for God, or sanctified by his Spirit, either by visible profession or real holiness. And those who are not really saints on earth will never be saints in heaven. Observe, It is directed to all the saints, one as well as another, even the meanest, the poorest, and those of the least gifts. Christ makes no difference; the rich and the poor meet together in him: and the ministers must not make a difference in their care and tenderness upon these accounts. We must not have the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ with respect of persons, James 2:1. Saints in Christ Jesus; saints are accepted only by virtue of their being in Christ Jesus, or as they are Christians. Out of Christ the best saints will appear sinners, and unable to stand before God. Henry, M.

5. "Paul and Timothy, bond-servants of Christ Jesus, To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, including the overseers and deacons: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. I thank my God in all my remembrance of you, always offering prayer with joy in my every prayer for you all, in view of your participation in the gospel from the first day until now. So….What the heck is this saying? Pater /Pat·ayr The originator and transmitter of anything. The authors of a family or society of persons animated by the same spirit as himself. One who has infused his own spirit into others, who actuates and governs their minds. Of Christians, as those who through Christ have been exalted to a specially close and intimate relationship with God, and who no longer dread him as a stern judge of sinners, but revere him as their reconciled and loving Father. The Father of Jesus Christ, as one whom God has united to himself in the closest bond of love and intimacy, made acquainted with his purposes, appointed to explain and carry out among men the plan of salvation, and made to share also in his own divine nature. The original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies : prototype Merriam-Webster A chemical substance related structurally to another substance and theoretically derivable from it      A substance that can be made from another substance Merriam-Webster One who combines aspects of supernatural authority and care for his people. An archetype anticipating a later reality and suggesting a derivative relationship Louw & Nida

6. Derivative relationships • Basic definition • Relationship between one source work and one derivative work based in some way on the source work. Derivative relationships include arrangements, versions, medleys, and free interpretations of source works. • Non-exclusivity • A work with a source or derivative relationship to other works must also be able to have either a parent or child relationship to another work. • Reciprocal • The relationship between a source and derivative work should be fully reciprocal. After it is created once, the system should make information available about the relationship from both the source and derivative work records. • When a relationship is deleted, it should be removed from both the source work and the derivative work. • When one work involved in a relationship is deleted, the relationship itself should be deleted. Not going to happen! • Arbitrary depth • Any work, even if it itself is a derivative of another work, can be the source for another derivative work. • Any work may have any number of derivative works. • Any work may be derivative of any number of source works.

7. Source Work Source Work Relationship between one source work and one derivative work based in some way on the source work. GOD Source • Derivative relationships include arrangements, versions, medleys, and free interpretations of source works. Work Work Source Source Work Source • A work with a source or derivative relationship to other works must also be able to have either a parent or child relationship to another work. Work The relationship between a source and derivative work should be fully reciprocal. Source Work Source Work Work Source Source Work Work Any work, even if it itself is a derivative of another work, can be the source for another derivative work. After it is created once, the system should make information available about the relationship from both the source and derivative work records. Source Source Work Work Source Source • Any work may have any number of derivative works. Work Source • Any work may be derivative of any number of source works. Work Source Work Work Work Source Source Source

8. "Paul and Timothy, bond-servants of Christ Jesus, To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, including the overseers and deacons: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. I thank my God in all my remembrance of you, always offering prayer with joy in my every prayer for you all, in view of your participation in the gospel from the first day until now. Chara /Khar·ah Joy, gladness. The joy received from you. The cause or occasion of joy. Of persons who are one’s joy. So although Paul was 800 miles away in prison and it had been 10 years since he had seen them. What was it that caused him joy ? That which is the cause of joy or gladnessLouw & Nida Why was that such a reason for him to have joy ? It must have brought great joy to the Philippians’ hearts as they read how the apostle often thanked God for them. Here was a letter of commendation from one who was in Roman chains some 800 miles away. About 10 years had passed since Paul had first worked among them. But the passing of time had not diminished his love or his interest in them. Every time Paul thought of them he thanked God for them. The Bible knowledge commentary Derivative relationships

9. "For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 1:6-8) Peitho /Pi·tho Persuade, i.e. to induce one by words to believe. Be persuaded, to suffer one’s self to be persuaded; to be induced to believe: to have faith: in a thing. To believe. To be persuaded of a thing concerning a person. To trust, have confidence, be confident. So is it safe to say that the thing that Paul is getting ready to talk about he is pretty sure is going to happen ? What is that thing ? To believe in something or someone to the extent of placing reliance or trust in or on. An idiom, literally ‘to convince the heart’. To exhibit confidence and assurance in a situation which might otherwise cause dismay or fear How could this situation have caused Paul dismay or fear ? To come to believe the certainty of something on the basis of being convinced Louw & Nida

10. "For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 1:6-8) Source Work Enarchomai / En·ar·khom·ahee From 1722 and 756 To begin, To make a beginning. En / En A primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest What is going on here ? Archomai / Ar·khom·ahee To be the first to do (anything), to begin. To begin, make a beginning. To initiate an action, process, or state of being Louw & Nida

11. "For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 1:6-8) OBSERVATION: Rom 8:10 If Christ is in you, though the body is dead because of sin, yet the spirit is alive because of righteousness. 2 Corinthians 13:5 Test yourselves to see if you are in the faith; examine yourselves! Or do you not recognize this about yourselves, that Jesus Christ is in you—unless indeed you fail the test? Colossians 1:27 to whom God willed to make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles, which is Christ in you, the hope of glory. Agathos /Ag·ath·os Of good constitution or nature. Useful, salutary. Good, pleasant, agreeable, joyful, happy. Excellent, distinguished. Upright, honorable. (adjective) Positive moral qualities of the most general nature What does adjective mean ? Pertaining to having the proper characteristics or performing the expected function in a fully satisfactory way It describes the work Pertaining to being generous, with the implication of its relationship to goodness Louw & Nida Do you see any similarities between these verses and what we are studying in Colossians ?

12. "For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 1:6-8) Epiteleo / Ep·ee·tel·eh·o To bring to an end, accomplish, perfect, execute, complete.To take upon one’s self. To make an end for one’s self. To bring an activity to a successful finish To cause to happen, with the purpose of some end result Epiteleo epi, “up,” intensive, and No. 3, teleho, “to finish, to bring to an end”, is a strengthened form of that verb, in the sense of “accomplishing.” The fuller meaning is “to accomplish perfectly”Vine

13. "For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 1:6-8) What is the “good work” that Paul is talking about here ? Why am I making such a big deal out of this ? Great confidence gripped the apostle as he thought and prayed for the Philippians. The perfect tense of the Greek word translated being confident indicates that Paul had come to a settled conviction earlier and that he still was confident it was true. What was he so confident and sure of? It was that God would most certainly continue on to completion the good work He had begun in them. That good work was their salvation. It may also have included their fellowship and sharing of their bounties with Paul. Paul had no doubt that God would continue in the Philippians what He had begun to do in them. God would work in them until the day of Christ Jesus. In 2:16 Paul called this “the day of Christ.” Though Paul did not know when that day would occur—when all believers would be caught up to meet the Lord in the air— he did know that God would continue the work He had begun in His own children. The Bible knowledge commentary It is very important for us to realize that it is He, God, that started the work in us and it will be Him that will perfect it. God worked a wonderful transformation in the Philippians when He first saved them. Paul has no concern that the God who has begun to work in them will desert them now. How good to know that God is totally committed to you and to me. He will continue His transforming work until it is gloriously completed when Jesus comes.The Bible readers companion

14. "For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 1:6-8) God’s beginning the work is a pledge of its completion. What God begins, He will finish. The good work has its initiation in regeneration (past); has its continuation in sanctification (present); and will have its consummation in glorification (future). In the past there was God’s unchangeable purpose; in the present there is God’s unlimited power; and in the future there is God’s unbreakable promise. This is God’s guarantee for the final preservation and perseverance of the saints. Salvation is all of God. KJV Bible commentary The confidence of Christians is the great comfort of Christians, and we may fetch matter of praise from our hopes as well as from our joys; we must give thanks not only for what we have the present possession and evidence of, but for what we have the future prospect of. Matthew Henry's commentary on the whole Bible

15. "For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 1:6-8) Pertaining to being proper or right in the sense of being fully justified Louw & Nida Kardia / Kar·dee·ah The heart. The soul or mind, as it is the fountain and seat of the thoughts, passions, desires, appetites, affections, purposes, endeavors. Of the understanding, the faculty and seat of the intelligence. Of the middle or central or inmost part of anything, even though inanimate. The causative source of a person’s psychological life in its various aspects, but with special emphasis upon thoughts Louw & Nida

16. "For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 1:6-8) Splagchnon /Splangkh·non Bowels. The bowels were regarded as the seat of the more violent passions, such as anger and love; but by the Hebrews as the seat of the tenderer affections, esp. kindness, benevolence, compassion; hence our heart. To experience great affection and compassion for someone One for whom there is deep affection or compassion Louw & Nida The affection Paul had for his readers was no mere human interest or attraction. It originated with the Lord Jesus Christ Himself. Christ’s love had so overwhelmed Paul that His affection was Paul’s very own. The fact that Paul told this to the Philippians demonstrates the reality and intensity of his praise for them. Bible knowledge commentary

17. "For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. For it is only right for me to feel this way about you all, because I have you in my heart, since both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers of grace with me. For God is my witness, how I long for you all with the affection of Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 1:6-8) Source Work Work Source He places the bowels of Christ in opposition to carnal affection, to intimate that his affection is holy and pious. For the man that loves according to the flesh has respect to his own advantage, and may from time to time change his mind according to the variety of circumstances and seasons. In the meantime he instructs us by what rule the affections of believers ought to be regulated, so that, renouncing their own will, they may allow Christ to sit at the helm. And, unquestionably, true love can flow from no other source than from the bowels of Christ, and this, like a goad, ought to affect us not a little — that Christ in a manner opens his bowels, that by them he may cherish mutual affection between us. Calvin Now what is going on here ? My yearning love (so the Greek implies) to you is not merely from natural affection, but from devotedness to Christ Jesus. “Not Paul, but Jesus Christ lives in Paul; wherefore Paul is not moved in the bowels of Paul, but of Jesus Christ”. All real spiritual love is but a portion of Christ’s love which yearns in all who are united to Him. Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

18. "And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in real knowledge and all discernment, so that you may approve the things that are excellent, in order to be sincere and blameless until the day of Christ; having been filled with the fruit of righteousness which comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God."(Philippians 1:9-11) Agape /Ag·ah·pay Brotherly love, affection, good will, love, benevolence. To have love for someone or something, based on sincere appreciation and high regard Louw & Nida Perisseuo /Per·is·syoo·o To exceed a fixed number of measure, to be left over and above a certain number or measure. To abound, overflow. To excel more than, exceed. To furnish one richly so that he has abundance. To have such an abundance as to be more than sufficient A degree which is considerably in excess of some point on an implied or explicit scale of extent Louw & Nida

19. "And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in real knowledge and all discernment, so that you may approve the things that are excellent, in order to be sincere and blameless until the day of Christ; having been filled with the fruit of righteousness which comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God."(Philippians 1:9-1) Epignosis /Ep·ig·no·sis Precise and correct knowledge. Used in the NT of the knowledge of things ethical and divine. Free of all ambiguity, uncertainty, or obscurityWebster To possess more or less definite information about, possibly with a degree of thoroughness or competence I don’t know about you but I want that ? To recognize something as being what it truly is Aisthesis /Ah·ee·sthay·sis Perception, not only by the senses but by the intellect. Cognition, discernment. Of moral discernment in ethical matters To have the capacity to perceive clearly and hence to understand the real nature of something Louw & Nida

20. "And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in real knowledge and all discernment, so that you may approve the things that are excellent, in order to be sincere and blameless until the day of Christ; having been filled with the fruit of righteousness which comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God."(Philippians 1:9-1) A marker of intent, often with the implication of expected result—‘for the purpose of, in order to.’Louw & Nida What kind of thoughts do you have when you her the definitions of these words ? Dokimazo /Dok·im·ad·zo To test, examine, prove, scrutinize (to see whether a thing is genuine or not), as metals. To recognize as genuine after examination, to approve, deem worthy. To regard something as being worthwhile or appropriate To regard something as genuine or worthy on the basis of testing—‘to judge to be genuine, to judge as good, to approve.’Louw & Nida

21. Source Work When a relationship is deleted, it should be removed from both the source work and the derivative work. Source Work GOD Source Work Work Source Source Work Source Work Source Work Source Job Work Work Source Source Work Work Work Source Source Work Work Source Source Work Source Work Source Work Work Work Source Source Source

22. "And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in real knowledge and all discernment, so that you may approve the things that are excellent, in order to be sincere and blameless until the day of Christ; having been filled with the fruit of righteousness which comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God."(Philippians 1:9-1) A marker of result, though in some cases implying an underlying or indirect purpose Louw & Nida Pertaining to being sincere in the sense of having pure motivation Louw & Nida Aproskopos /Ap·ros·kop·os Having nothing to strike against, not causing to stumble. metaph. of not leading others to sin by one’s mode of life. not led into sin, blameless. Without offense, not troubled by a consciousness of sin. Pertaining to being blameless in view of not having given offense Louw & Nida

23. "And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in real knowledge and all discernment, so that you may approve the things that are excellent, in order to be sincere and blameless until the day of Christ; having been filled with the fruit of righteousness which comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God."(Philippians 1:9-1) Pleroo /Play·ro·o To cause to abound, to furnish or supply liberally. To render full, to complete. To fill to the top: so that nothing shall be wanting to full measure, fill to the brim. To make complete in every particular, to render perfect. To provide for by supplying a complete amount To give the true or complete meaning to something Louw & Nida Dikaiosune /Dik·ah·yos·oo·nay In a broad sense: state of him who is as he ought to be, righteousness, the condition acceptable to God. The doctrine concerning the way in which man may attain a state approved of God. To cause someone to be in a proper or right relation with someone else Louw & Nida

24. "And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in real knowledge and all discernment, so that you may approve the things that are excellent, in order to be sincere and blameless until the day of Christ; having been filled with the fruit of righteousness which comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God."(Philippians 1:9-1) Dia /Dee·ah Of means. By the means of. The ground or reason by which something is or is not done. By reason of. On account of. Because of for this reason. On this account. A marker of intermediate agent, with implicit or explicit causative agent Markers of the means by which one event makes another event possible A marker of a participant constituting the cause or reason for an event or state Louw & Nida

25. "And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in real knowledge and all discernment, so that you may approve the things that are excellent, in order to be sincere and blameless until the day of Christ; having been filled with the fruit of righteousness which comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God."(Philippians 1:9-11) To the glory and praise of God of course. The only thing we do is choose to participate or not. Paul also prayed that the believers in the church at Philippi would be filled with the fruit of righteousness. A righteous stand before God, resulting from being clothed in Christ’s righteousness, ought to produce fruit for God. Such inner qualities, partially described in Galatians 5:22-23, will be evident to others. The fruit of the Spirit comes through Jesus Christ, for it is really His life lived out through believers. Such fruit magnifies God, not self. So a life that exhibits such traits is to the glory and praise of God. The Bible knowledge commentary

26. The salvation of individuals is the chief topic of this section, viewed however not theoretically, but practically, in its relation to a living body of Christians. It is a work, a good work, wrought in the individual, in whose inmost personality it is accomplished. In its nature salvation is righteousness, the fruit of which appears in the life, and love, which is self-sacrificing. Hence it is opposed to self seeking and self-will, and is fellowship with God, Christ, and the brethren. The source of salvation is to be sought in God alone without any merit or worthiness on the part of the subject who needs salvation, and is capable of receiving it, so that he is only the object, the recipient, of the blessing.

27. Love, combined with an active faith, is the central force which penetrates the inmost personality, directs the life, and goes forward step by step towards its perfection. This progress shows itself in a two-fold way: Internally, the Christian becomes intellectually more intimate with God and with His thoughts. Love thus becomes clearer, deeper, stronger. It increases in knowledge, grows in that and with that. As an ethical effect, also, the love perceives, experiences, feels, the power of the kingdom of God with its manifold ordinances, and richly endowed membership. It thus becomes stronger, fuller, riper. It increases in experience, grows in that and with that. Thus Christians come to a surer judgment respecting the things which are about them, and concern them within and without, good and bad. The result is purity . Externally, love acts spontaneously, without calculation, with nice moral tact, with tender conscientiousness, giving no offence. The eye ever directed to the end animates this love thus progressive to the final day. Lange

28. Source Work Would you rather be this guy Source Work GOD Source Work Work Source Source Work Source Work Source Work Source Work Work Source Source Work Source Work Work Source Source Work Source Work Source Work Work Work Source Source Source

29. Source Work Or this guy Source Work GOD Source Work Work Source Source Work Source Work Source Work Source Work Work Source Source Work Work Source Work Work Source Source Work Source Work Source Work Work Work Source Source Source

30. "Only conduct yourselves in a manner worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or remain absent, I will hear of you that you are standing firm in one spirit, with one mind striving together for the faith of the gospel; " (Philippians 1:27)

31. "Therefore if there is any encouragement in Christ, if there is any consolation of love, if there is any fellowship of the Spirit, if any affection and compassion, make my joy complete by being of the same mind, maintaining the same love, united in spirit, intent on one purpose. Do nothing from selfishness or empty conceit, but with humility of mind regard one another as more important than yourselves; do not merely look out for your own personal interests, but also for the interests of others. Have this attitude in yourselves which was also in Christ Jesus, who, although He existed in the form of God, did not regard equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied Himself, taking the form of a bond-servant, and being made in the likeness of men. Being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross. " (Philippians 2:1-8) ?