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Drift-Off Crashes and the RUMBLE STRIPS that prevent them

Drift-Off Crashes and the RUMBLE STRIPS that prevent them. Dave Morena FHWA Michigan Division Sep 20, 2007. What is a drift-off crash?. Drift-off crashes are Run-off-road crashes where:. Driver ASLEEP, DROWSY Driver DISTRACTED. Drift-off crashes are NOT:.

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Drift-Off Crashes and the RUMBLE STRIPS that prevent them

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  1. Drift-Off Crashes and the RUMBLE STRIPS that prevent them Dave Morena FHWA Michigan Division Sep 20, 2007

  2. What is a drift-off crash?

  3. Drift-off crashes are Run-off-road crashes where: • Driver ASLEEP, DROWSY • Driver DISTRACTED

  4. Drift-off crashes are NOT: • swerve to avoid another vehicle • hydroplane • swerve to avoid debris • tire blowout • trailer sway

  5. What do we know about drift-off crashes?

  6. 1887 crashes 1996 - 2001 2002 study Drift-off crashes Michigan freeways

  7. Drift-off crashes are: • Driver ASLEEP, DROWSY • Driver DISTRACTED - 82% - 18% (As specified on 1043 reports)

  8. SeverityQuiz: 3 times as severe ASLEEP / DISTRACTED vs. AVOID VEHICLE or OBJECT

  9. SeverityQuiz: 5 times as severe ASLEEP / DISTRACTED vs. HYDROPLANE ??

  10. Single Vehicle Michigan Freeway Crashes - Severity 1996 - 2001 0 .4 % KA On-Road (deer) 6.1 % KA Run-Off-Road Multiple Vehicle K = fatality A = incapacitating injury B = other injury C = possible injury O = property damage only 2. 9 % KA 34,000 crashes/yr mainline

  11. Multiple Vehicle 2. 9 % KA DROWSY & DISTRACTED Michigan Freeway Crashes - Severity 1996 - 2001 ice, snow on road 2.9% KA wet road 3.4% KA avoid veh, enter, exit, change lanes, passing 6.1% KA Run-Off-Road Vehicle defect 5.8% KA 17 % KA 34,000 crashes/yr mainline

  12. CRASH SEVERITY - % KA

  13. Drift-off crash PROFILE Michigan freeway

  14. 48 % 53 % ALL DRIFT-OFF K & Acrashes Vehicles drift off which side of road?

  15. Drift off Crashes by Time of Day time of day 7% Dark - 55% Light - 45% 6% 5% Avg = 4.2% 4% Percent of Crashes 3% 2% 1% 0% 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 Time of Day

  16. 25 Drift off Crashes by Day of Week 20 20.3 17.8 Avg = 14. 3 % 15 13.2 13.5 Percent of Accidents 12.2 11.5 11.4 10 5 0 Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat Day Of Week

  17. Male Female 69% Drift-off Vehicles by Gender of Driver Males account for: 59% of all Michigan crashes, 71% of fatalities

  18. 23% age 16-21 Drift-off Vehicles – Driver Age

  19. 19% age 16-21 23% age 16-21 Drift-off Vehicles – Driver Age All Michigan crashes Drift off crashes

  20. 4% 10% parked vehicles hit drift-off vehicle Truck Involvement Trucks accounted for11 %of daily vehicle miles

  21. Alcohol Involvement Driver had been drinking in 21% of all drift-off crashes

  22. What can happen to a drift-off vehicle? ??? • recover (no crash) • parked vehicle • trees • signpost, light pole • guardrail, bridge rail • hit opposing vehicle • side slope, ditch 5 % 14 % 6 % 20 % 1 % 45 %

  23. Once a wheel drops off paved shoulder, drivers have difficulty controlling vehicle: In 1794 crashes: • over-correct steering • rollover - 32 % - 45 %

  24. Crash RATE: Drivers less likely to drift off on high-volume road No rumble strips

  25. From crash data, problem areas: • early morning hours • low volume roads • curves • young driver

  26. A MACHINE TO CUT RUMBLE STRIPS: $750 / mile / shoulder 7” x 16” x ½”

  27. Effect of milled shoulder rumble strips on freeway DRIFT-OFF crashes: 100 40 % reduction – total crashes 60 17 7.2 58 % reduction – KA 17 % KA 12 % KA

  28. Concrete intermittent Rumbles Should we install milled rumbles over concrete intermittent?

  29. Concrete intermittent Rumbles Yes – provide continuous alert

  30. Rolled-in Rumble Strips Should we install milled rumbles over rolled?

  31. Yes – Milled rumbles provide vibration

  32. ROLLED TIRE DROP MILLED

  33. How do these rumbles affect large-tired vehicles?

  34. Bus/truck rumble demonstrationFeb 17, 2000 - Lansing, MI

  35. Answer: MILLED - vibrates steering wheel, some noise ROLLED - slight noise, drowned out by cab noise CONCRETE INTERMITTENT - drivers unaware

  36. Dave Morena FHWA Michigan Division 517-702-1836 David.Morena@fhwa.dot.gov Questions & Comments

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