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Foreign Animal Disease

Foreign Animal Disease. Angie Dement Extension Associate for Veterinary Medicine Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M System College Station, TX 77843 http://aevm.tamu.edu. What are Foreign Animal Diseases?.

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Foreign Animal Disease

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  1. Foreign Animal Disease Angie Dement Extension Associate for Veterinary Medicine Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M System College Station, TX 77843 http://aevm.tamu.edu

  2. What are Foreign Animal Diseases? • Disease that is not currently present in the United States • Can be zoonotic

  3. How can a FAD come into U.S.? • Natural • Accidental • Intentional (bioterrorist act)

  4. Prevention Methods • USDA/APHIS • Inspection at entries • Quarantine animals and animal products • Health papers

  5. Importance of Control • FEAD’s are pathogenic & contagious • Easily transmissible • High exposure • Susceptible animals • Devastating losses • Animal • economic

  6. Reportable Diseases • What are they? • Diseases not known to be in the US • Can be diseases that are here but subject to eradication and control • Emerging Animal Diseases

  7. Foreign Animal Diseases • Foot and Mouth Disease • Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) • Rift Valley Fever • Exotic Newcastle Disease • Avian Influenza • And many, many more

  8. Foot and Mouth Disease

  9. Foot and Mouth Disease • Highly contagious • Potential to spread rapidly • People not affected • Devastating • Emotionally • Economically • Sociologically

  10. Susceptible domestic and wild cloven-hoofed livestock • Cattle • Sheep • Goats • Domestic and feral swine • Deer • Llamas

  11. Transmission • Aerosol • wind • Mechanical • people, vehicles, animals • Biological • movement of infected animals • uncooked or undercooked meat products

  12. If an outbreak occurs • Restrictions • Quarantines • Eradication • Slaughter of animals • Proper disposal

  13. FMD Outbreak in 2001 in Great Britian • Delayed response • 10,472 farms depopulated • 4 million destroyed to stop disease • 2.5 million “humanely” slaughtered • Over $13 billion

  14. Increased risk • Travelers • Meat products • Garbage • Bioterrorist • TAHC prohibits feeding meat garbage to swine

  15. BSE • Decrease risk • No ruminants or products from Europe • USDA regulations • No ruminant protein as feed • Downer cattle

  16. First Line of Defense • Biosecurity • Livestock owners • Early detection and reporting

  17. Biosecurity Measures • Wash hands • Wash disinfect boots • Wash disinfect trailer • Wash disinfect tires • Wash disinfect borrowed equipment • Proper garbage disposal

  18. Lock gates • Stranger alert • International visitor – >48 hours wait • Purchased cattle – >2 weeks isolation, tests • Routine observations

  19. Identify sources • Raise replacements • Purchase entries from clean herds • Test purchased entries • Vaccinate purchased entries

  20. Isolate purchased entries • Reduce commingling • Separate carriers/shedders • Restrict visitor and vehicle entries • Construct buffer zone fencing

  21. Who do you contact? • Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) • 1-800-550-8242 • USDA

  22. Questions? http://aevm.tamu.edu

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