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Understanding Pediatric Pneumonia: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, and Prevention Strategies

This report examines pneumonia in children, highlighting key risk factors such as cold months, exposure to cigarette or wood stove smoke, low socioeconomic status, and boys being more susceptible. It details clinical features including fever, cough, and respiratory distress signs observed in different age groups. The report outlines diagnostic approaches, including lab tests and imaging, and emphasizes the importance of timely treatment for those at risk. Lastly, prevention strategies like proper hygiene, breastfeeding, and immunizations are discussed to protect children from pneumonia.

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Understanding Pediatric Pneumonia: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, and Prevention Strategies

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Morning Report August 6, 2010

  2. Pneumonia • Risk Factors • Cold months • Cigarette or wood stove smoke • Low socioeconomic status • Boys • Underlying medical conditions

  3. Clinical Features • Fever and cough • Tachypnea • >50 – 2-12mo • >40 – 1-5 years • >20 - >5y • Retractions • Nasal flaring • Grunting • O2 sat <95%

  4. Physical Exam Dullness to percussion Crackles Decreased breath sounds Bronchial breath sounds

  5. Lab CBC CXR Blood Cultures Chemistry

  6. In a Perfect World . . . Everyone would read the textbook Clinical features may overlap Simultaneous infection may occur

  7. Treatment • Admission • < 3 months • Persistent hypoxemia requring O2 • Complicating factors • Dehydration • Severe vomiting • Toxic appearance • Chronic Illness

  8. Complications Parapneumonic Effusion Lung Abscess Necrotizing PNA

  9. Prevention • Handwashing • Respiratory hygiene • Breastfeeding • Immunization • Hib, Pertussis, Pneumococcus • NO exposure to cigarettes

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