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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL PROBLEMS OF OUT-OF-SEASON STRAWBERRY PRODUCTION IN MARCHE REGION

Università di Ancona Dipartimento di Energetica. PHYSIOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL PROBLEMS OF OUT-OF-SEASON STRAWBERRY PRODUCTION IN MARCHE REGION. Gianluca Savini , Davide Neri, Silvia Bonfigli. Physiology “control”. Factor. Condition. - Plant type - Genotype - Substrate. - Environmental :

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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL PROBLEMS OF OUT-OF-SEASON STRAWBERRY PRODUCTION IN MARCHE REGION

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  1. Università di Ancona Dipartimento di Energetica PHYSIOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL PROBLEMS OF OUT-OF-SEASON STRAWBERRY PRODUCTION IN MARCHE REGION Gianluca Savini, Davide Neri, Silvia Bonfigli

  2. Physiology “control” Factor Condition - Plant type - Genotype - Substrate - Environmental : - photoperiod - temperature - chilling - planting date - mineral nutrition - Production programming

  3. Flower induction Crown growth Runner production Leaf area 8 10 12 14 16 hours Hancock (1999) 100 80 60 40 20 0 Flower induction vegetative growth Relative growth 0 15 20 25 30 TEMPERATURE (°C ) Hancock (1999) Genotype Junebearing (SD) Photoperiod Everbering (D.N.)

  4. Substrate characteristics determine vigour and shoot to root ratio (S/R) thus different physiological response Substrate

  5. Chilling (dormancy breaking) Chilling induces high vegetative growth in the favourable climatic condition (temp.> 10°C and long day) Dormancy is induced by low temperature and short day.

  6. Objective: - Harvest programming - Different genotype evaluation - Chilling effect - Adaptability to different substrate

  7. Materials e Methods • Variety: - Paros (June bearing) • - Seascape (ever bearing day-neutral) • Substrate: - organic (peat and compost) • - inorganic (perlite 80% e coconut fiber 20%) • Chilling : - 0 hour • - 132 “ • - 432 “ • Cold storage plant cat. “A”.

  8. Trial schedule start chilling start plastic house End 192 ore End 432 ore Planting 31/07/00 09/10/00 17/10/00 27/10/00 10/11/00 0 70 78 88 101 days from planting ( d.f.p. ) Temperature: 18/10 °C day/night photoperiod: 14 hours Foto impianto

  9. control 192 chilling hours 432 chilling hours Runner production in Paros (inorganic substrate) d.a.p.= day after planting

  10. 1 control 192 chilling hours 0,8 432 chilling hours 0,6 192 h Runner / plant n. 0,4 432 h 0,2 Inizio chilling 0 d.a.p. 18 31 44 57 70 83 96 109 122 135 148 161 Runners production in Seascape (inorganic substrate) d.a.p.= day after planting

  11. Leaf petiole length in Paros d.a.c.= day after chilling

  12. Leaf petiole length in Seascape d.a.c.= day after chilling

  13. Second (II) internode (II) (I) First (I) internode Fruit cluster

  14. First internode length in Paros cm 18 Organic 15 Inorganic 12 9 6 3 Chilling h. 0 192 432

  15. Second internode length in Paros cm Organic 15 Inorganic 12 9 6 3 Chilling h. 0 192 432

  16. SIMB. DESCRIPTION TRUNK LEAVS RUNNER INFLORESCENCE SHOOT Control Paros Frigo plant

  17. SIMB. DESCRIPTION TRUNK LEAVS Chilling period RUNNER INFLORESCENCE SHOOT Paros 432 hours chilling Frigo plant

  18. Fruit weight in Paros 35 Control 30 192 chilling hours 492 chilling hours 25 20 g / fruit 15 10 5 0 16/2 2/3 16/3 30/3 13/4 27/4 11/5 25/5 date

  19. Total fruit production in Paros Inorganic 600 Organic 500 400 g / plant 300 200 0 192 432 Chilling h.

  20. Total fruit production in Seascape 600 Organic Inorganic 500 400 300 g/plant 200 100 0 0 192 432 Chilling h.

  21. Conclusion - Chilling treatment modified: - First internod cluster length - Petiole leafs length - Runner production

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