5-16-13

1. 5-16-13 C, D, E, F, A

3. Agenda • Finish Personal Liberty Laws • Dred Scott v. Sanford • Notes on Chapter 10, section 3 • Homework: Chapter 10-3 guided reading

4. The Rise of the NEW Republican Party

5. Forerunners of the Republican Party • Liberty Party • Abolitionist party formed in 1844 • Not enough to be presidential hopeful • Free Soil Party • Opposed extension of slavery, not necessarily abolition • Disliked that slavery competed with white labor force • Did not win election of 1848, but enough to show North opposed expansion

6. Forerunners of the Republican Party • Whig Party collapses after split over Kansas-Nebraska Act • The Know Nothings • Nativists- • Anti-Immigrant • Anti-Catholic • Split over issue of slavery

7. Republican Party • Republican Party was formed on July 6, 1854 in Michigan, after local groups demanded new party • United over opposition to Kansas-Nebraska Act and keeping slavery out of territories • Included: • Free-Soilers • Antislavery Whigs • Democrats/Nativists from the North • Temperance supporters • Biggest competition – The Know Nothings because attracted the same voters.

8. Democratic Platform in 1856 • supported the compromise of 1850 • Opposed federal interference in slavery • Supported the building of the transcontinental railroad. • Democrats chose James Buchanan • “Kansasless”, as away in G.B. • Many Southern friends, although a Northerner

9. The Election of 1856 The Kansas controversy dominated the presidential election of 1856. The Democratic candidate was James Buchanan; the Republicans nominated John Frémont, and the American (the Know-Nothings) candidate was Millard Fillmore. Buchanan won the election for two reasons. Immigrant populations in the North were repelled by the Know-Nothings’ nativism, and the Democrats painted the Republicans as extremists on the slavery issue. As a result, Buchanan was the voters’ choice in both the North and the South. Frémont, however, won all the states of the Upper North.

10. Election of 1856 Results

11. Buchanan’s Presidency The Dred Scott decision • Buchanan supported popular sovereignty in his inaugural address, giving some hope that the crisis was past. • But two days later, the Supreme Court ruled against Dred Scott, a slave who sued for his freedom with the argument that by living where slavery was illegal, he had become free. • Southerners saw the Dred Scott decision as a victory. • Northerners feared that slavery could now not be banned in any territory. Lecompton Constitution • This was the pro-slavery state constitution written at the Kansas constitutional convention in June 1857. • In supervised elections in October 1857, free-soilers won control of the legislature. • Pro-slavery leaders proposed the voters decide on a special provision on slavery. • If approved, slavery would be allowed. If defeated, importation of slaves would be banned, but slaves already in Kansas would remain enslaved.

12. Effects of Election of 1856 • Showed the following things • Democrats could win the presidency with a national candidate who could compete in the North without alienating Southerners • Know-Nothings and Whigs were in decline • Republicans were a political force in the North