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Messaging and Web Services: An Architectural Overview by John Arnett, NHS Scotland

This document presents an architectural view of Messaging and Web Services, emphasizing XML usage in data interchange. It explores key features of XML, including its human readability, extensibility, and role as an open standard supported by organizations like W3C and HL7. The paper outlines various interaction models, including synchronous and asynchronous communication, and discusses message construction methodologies that adhere to healthcare standards. This informative guide is essential for professionals looking to enhance interoperability in health informatics through effective integration techniques.

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Messaging and Web Services: An Architectural Overview by John Arnett, NHS Scotland

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  1. Messaging & Web Services an Architectural View John Arnett, MSc Standards Modeller Information and Statistics Division NHSScotland Tel: 0131 551 8073 (x2073) mailto:John.Arnett@isd.csa.scot.nhs.uk http://isdscotland.org/xml

  2. Contents • XML Usage • XML Applications • Messaging and Web Services • Interaction Models • Message Construction

  3. XML Usage • Key features • Human readable • Structured and searchable • Separates data from presentation • Self-describing • Extensible – any number of tags allowed • Meta-markup language

  4. XML Usage • Open standard, promoted by many vendor-neutral organisations, incl. • W3C • OASIS (Organization for Structured Information Standards) • HL7 (Health Level 7) • OMG (Object Management Group) • UK Government

  5. XML Usage • Widely supported by software vendors and open source groups, incl.

  6. Application Logic Presentation Messaging & Web Services Application Logic Presentation Presentation Messaging & Web Services Presentation Application Logic Application Logic XML Applications Data Storage & Content Management

  7. Messaging and Web Services • XML Messages • Ideal for data interchange • Text based • Open • Self describing • Extensible • Exchanged between applications on the same network or over the Internet/Extranet

  8. Messaging and Web Services • Web Services • Set of emerging standards, incl. SOAP, WSDL and UDDI • Allow systems to communicate over the internet using XML messages • Used for • remote service requests/calls • enterprise application integration • business process integration

  9. Messaging and Web Services • SOAP • Lightweight, XML-based protocol for exchanging information over the internet • Language, platform and transport independent • v1.2 W3C Recommendation

  10. Messaging and Web Services • WSDL (Web Services Definition Language) • XML-based language for describing services available on the internet • UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration) directory services • Information Services • Operations

  11. Interaction Models • Message Channel Message Channel Sender Receiver

  12. Message Interaction Models • One-way (“fire-and-forget”) • non-blocking, asynchronous model Consumer Provider

  13. Request Response Interaction Models • Synchronous Request/Response • RPC Consumer Provider

  14. Request with correlation id Response Acknowledgement Acknowledgement Interaction Models • Call Back • Asynchronous conversations Consumer Provider

  15. Interaction Models Telephone-like Post Office-like Synchronous Asynchronous Tighter coupling Loose coupling Strongly typed Document-based Fast feedback Slower feedback - call-return - queuing and routing RPC Message-oriented

  16. Interaction Models • Point-to-Point • One input channel to one output channel • Message sent to 1 receiver only • Message sent directly or via router/queue

  17. Interaction Models • Multi-Point • One input channel to many output channels or subscribers • Copy of message sent to each subscriber • Message published via router / topic

  18. Message Construction • Document - transmits structured or unstructured data • Command - specifies a function or method to invoke on the receiver • Event - notifies receiver of some event of interest, e.g. an acknowledgement • Message Types

  19. Message Construction • High Level Information Model • HL7 v3 RIM • CEN (European) Standards • e-GIF (UK Government)

  20. Message Construction • Message Content • Clinical guidelines, e.g. SIGN • National Data Definitions, e.g. SMR • Consultation with user groups, professional bodies and manufacturers • Other sources, e.g. existing EDIFACT messages

  21. Message Construction • Standard XML Vocabularies • Health Care • NHSS architectural schemas • Health Level 7 (HL7) v3 • Government • UK GovTalk schemas • International • UNeDocs Code Lists XML - units of measurement, etc

  22. Message Construction • Message Schemas • Messages • Referral • Waiting Times • Message Structures • NHSS • HL7 CDA • Government Gateway

  23. SOAP Envelope SOAP Header SOAP Body Message Structure Message Content Message Construction

  24. Find Out More • Scottish Health and Community Care XML Steering Group • www.isdscotland.org/xml • SCI XML Standards • www.show.scot.nhs.uk/sci • GovTalk Schemas and Standards • www.govtalk.gov.uk • Health Level 7 • www.hl7.org

  25. Messaging and Web Sevices • W3C Web Services Activity • www.w3.org/2002/ws • Web Services Interoperability • www.ws-i.org

  26. Communication Models • WS-I Usage Scenarios • www.ws-i.org/SampleApplications/ SupplyChainManagement/2003-04/ UsageScenarios-1.01-BdAD.doc • Enterprise Integration Patterns • www.enterpriseintegrationpatterns.com

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