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Properties of the atoms

Properties of the atoms. Valence electrons. 5 electrons in their outermost shell, that is 2 electrons in the S subshell and 3 unpaired electrons in the p subshell . . electro negativity.

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Properties of the atoms

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  1. Properties of the atoms

  2. Valence electrons 5 electrons in their outermost shell, that is 2 electrons in the S subshell and 3 unpaired electrons in the p subshell.

  3. electro negativity • The elements of nitrogen family have high value of electro negativity. This value shows a decreasing trend in moving down the group.

  4. Ionization energy • The ionization values of the elements of this group decreases down the group.

  5. Chemical Properties The pnictogen family contains nitrogen, phosphourus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. Common chemical properties among these elements include…

  6. Chemical Properties • Nitrogen is non-flammable, and will not support combustion • Nitrogen will form compounds with the aid of a catalyst • Phosphourusis spontaneously flammable when exposed to air • Phosphourus is also a deadly poison • Arsenic burns in high temperatures and forms clouds of arsenic trioxide • Arsenic tarnishes rapidly in the air • Antimony is a poor conductor of heat and electricity • Antimony’s alloys expand when cooled • Bismuth has very high electrical resistance • Bismuth dissolves in concentrated nitric air

  7. Reactions Phosphorus reacting in air Liquid nitrogen reaction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MXjn8h3-SQk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NdKKtfzmLs

  8. Everyday use • Bismuth – hair dye, Pepto Bismol, and lipstick. Also used in low melting alloys to make fire alarms. • Antimony- rubber, fireworks, bullets, and power generators. • Arsenic – Poison(=o), preserves wood, weed killer, batteries, watches, clocks, and calculators.

  9. Oh look, more uses…. • Ununpentium- scientific research, no other use at the moment. • Phosphorus – baking soda, plates (fine china), fireworks, fertilizer, and glass. • Nitrogen- light bulbs, preserve paper, force oil up, frozen food, and explosives.

  10. Physical Properties • Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, Bismuth, and Ununpentium are Solid at room temperature Expect for Nitrogen, a Gas. • Nitrogen and Bismuth are both part of the Nitrogen (Pnictogen) group but Nitrogen is a transparent Gas and Bismuth is a pinkish Metallic Solid.

  11. More Properties • Bismuth • Atomic weight- 208.980380 • Density- 9.78g/cm -3 • Melting point- 271.5 C • Boiling point- 1564 C • Antimony • Atomic weight – 121.760000 • Density- 6.697 cm -3 • Melting point- 630.63 C • Boiling point- 1587 C

  12. Even more… • Arsenic • Atomic weight - 74.921600 • Density- 5.727G/Cm -3 • Melting point- 817 C • Boiling point- 613 C • Ununpentium • Atomic weight – 289.000000Density- unknown • Melting point- unknown • Boiling point- unknown

  13. Last two! • Phosphorus • Atomic weight – 30.973762Density- 1.82 G/Cm -3 • Melting point- 44.15 C • Boiling point- 280.5 C • Nitrogen • Atomic weight – 14.0067Density- 0.0012506 G/Cm -3 • Melting point- - 210 C • Boiling point- -195.79 C

  14. Citied • http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/pnictogen/pnictogenh.htm • http://www.ptable.com/ • http://modelscience.com/PeriodicTable.html • http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele115.html • http://www.carondelet.pvt.k12.ca.us/Family/Science/Nitrogen/bismuth.html

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