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Recent developments of Micromegas detectors for High Energy Physics

Recent developments of Micromegas detectors for High Energy Physics. ICHEP 2004, Beijing. P. Colas, DAPNIA Saclay. Principle of operation Advantages Experiments in progress Compass, CAST, NA48/Kabes Developments in progress LC-TPC, neutron detection, NOSTOS neutrino experiment,….

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Recent developments of Micromegas detectors for High Energy Physics

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  1. Recent developments of Micromegas detectors for High Energy Physics ICHEP 2004, Beijing P. Colas, DAPNIA Saclay • Principle of operation • Advantages • Experiments in progress • Compass, CAST, NA48/Kabes • Developments in progress • LC-TPC, neutron detection, NOSTOS neutrino experiment,… P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  2. Micromegas: Principle of operation Micromegas : a micromesh sustained by 50-100 mm - high insulating pillars. The multiplication takes place between the anode and the mesh Small size -> Fast signals -> Short recovery time -> High rate capabilities 200 mm P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  3. S1 S2 Micromegas further advantages S1/S2 ~ Eamplif / Edrift Can choose the gap/HV to have the gain maximum w.r.t. the gap and pressure -> excellent energy resolution Ion feedback suppressed by Edrift/Eamplif P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  4. COMPASS • MIP detection for measuring the nucleon spin structure • High particle flow : 105 kHz/cm2 • Sparks give less than 1 per mil dead time • Space resolution < 70 mm with 350 mm strips • The largest Micromegas so far (40x40 cm2) • In operation at CERN since 2002 efficiency>97% P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  5. axions Transverse magnetic field (B) L X ray X ray detector CAST CERN Axion Solar Telescope • Solar Axion detection : con- version of solar axions in a LHC magnet -> observe low-energy X-rays • 2D with overlayed crossed strips • In operation at CERN since 2003 P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  6. Low energy spectrum from Micromegas in CAST Cu Fe Cu escape Ar Fe escape 6.5 keV g y X CAST • Low threshold : 600 eV ! • Low background (fluorescence) P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  7. Tdrift2 Micromegas Gap 50 μm Micromegas Gap 50 μm Tdrift1 NA48/KABES KAon BEam Spectrometer • CP violation • In operation at CERN since summer 2003 • Principle : TPC + micromegas P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  8. Space resolution from drift time measurement:70 μm Time resolution: 0.6 ns Using TOT to correct time slewing Tagged K track (T0)KABES- (T0)DCH Spectrometer(ns) Tagging with reconstructed K± ±+ - XStation1 or 2- XStation3(cm) NA48/KABES • Excellent time resolution P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  9. electrons chamber ions ions TPC for the Linear Collider Challenging requirements: High two-track separation in jets both in Z and in Rf (O(8mm)) High background from photons and neutrons (600 n/BX) Excellent jet resolution (E-flow) Particle identification High granularity, small diffusion High granularity Low ion feedback Low H-content of the gas Low material budget of the endplate (thin frame) Good dE/dx resolution => Micropattern detectors P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  10. 1024 pads Berkeley-Orsay-Saclay TPC Pad layout Field cage Detector Readout P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  11. LC-TPC FUTURE PROJECTS, R&D Cosmic ray data taking in May 2004. Accurate measurements of diffusion coefficients in progress. First results show that <100 mm point resolution should be reached P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  12. Spherical TPC for neutrino detection FUTURE PROJECTS, R&D • NOSTOS project : • Neutrino oscillation from Tritium • Supernova detection, burst time structure • Coherence in n-A interactions to be tested at a reactor • Uses the longitudinal diffusion in the gas to estimate the distance to center Tritium source surrounded by a Micromegas P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  13. Spherical TPC for neutrino detection FUTURE PROJECTS, R&D • Observe tritium ne oscillation and measure q13 • Measure the magnetic moment of the neutrino • Measure the weak mixing angle at low energy • Detect supernovae explosions P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  14. Micromegas readout by silicon pixels FUTURE PROJECTS, R&D • CERN-NIKHEF-Saclay-Twente • MIPs have been seen in a combination micromeg.+Medipix • InGrid (integrated grid) project pillars on silicon 10 mm P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  15. Neutron detection FUTURE PROJECTS, R&D • Use a converter to extract alphas • Numerous applications: neutron tomography, neutron detection in hostile environments P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  16. New developments • Bulk Micromegas obtained by lamination of a woven grid on an anode with a photo-imageable film Large area robust detectors can be made for neutrino detection or photodetection P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  17. New developments • Resistive layers (Ottawa-Saclay) Spreads the charge -> improves resolution with large pads (70 mm obtained with 2mm pads with 3keV X-rays) Might protect from discharges • New materials for meshes • Two-stage micromegas P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

  18. CONCLUSION • Existing Micromegas detectors perform well since over a year • Micromegas offers exciting perspectives for HEparticle detection: • High granularity and suppressed ion back-flow for TPCs • Single electron detection, with a very fast electron signal • Record-breaking time resolution • Low matter budget P. Colas - Micromegas for HEP

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