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Arousal, Stress and Anxiety

Arousal, Stress and Anxiety. Arousal, Stress & Anxiety. Many people use arousal, stress and anxiety interchangeably but they are different

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Arousal, Stress and Anxiety

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  1. Arousal, Stress and Anxiety

  2. Arousal, Stress & Anxiety • Many people use arousal, stress and anxiety interchangeably but they are different • Arousal- physiological and psychological activation varying on a continuum from deep sleep—intense excitement; experience increased HR, sweating, respiration; associated with pleasant or unpleasant events • Made a last second shot to win the game • You were just in an accident

  3. Anxiety • Negative emotional state characterized by nervousness, worry and apprehension • 4 types • Cognitive anxiety- thought component • Somatic anxiety- degree of physical activation perceived • State anxiety- temporary ever changing mood component • Trait anxiety- an acquired behavioral tendency or disposition that influences behavior

  4. Measuring Arousal and Anxiety • Researchers look at changes in physiological sings • HR, respiration, perspiration, and biochemistry • Use rating scales (self-reported) • “Before the game were you worried about the game” • A. Not at all • B. Somewhat • C. Extremely

  5. The Stress Process • Stress- imbalance between physical and psychological demands placed on an individual and his or her response capability • 4 stages: • 1-Environmental demand-physical and psychological • Pressure from parents to win • 2-Perception of the demand- each person is different; a person’s perception of a demand can be different for each individual

  6. Stress Process • 3-Sress Response • Physical and psychological response • Arousal, muscle tension, attention changes, HR • Behavioral consequences • Performance or outcome, if overly threatened, they will perform badly • This is a continuing cycle

  7. Stressors • General • Major life events • Job change • Death in family • Daily hassles • Athletes • Worry of performance • Financial costs • Time for training • Self doubt • Relationships • Traumatic experiences outside of sport • Injured Athletes • Psychological fears • Physical/Medical • Rehab • Career stress

  8. Personal Sources of Stress • Trait Anxiety • Personality factors that contribute to someone perceiving more stress • Self-Esteem • Perceptions of threat; less confident people experience more state anxiety • Social Physique Anxiety • Personality disposition defined as “the degree to which people become anxious when others observe their physique”; usually avoid fitness settings and hate being evaluated

  9. Theories on Anxiety • Drive Theory • As arousal or state anxiety increases, so does performance • The more psyched up you are, the better you will do • Inverted U Hypothesis • As arousal increases so will performance up to a certain point and then performance will decrease

  10. Theories on Anxiety • Individualized Zones of Optimal Functioning

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