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Neurological Diseases/Injuries/Disorders

Neurological Diseases/Injuries/Disorders. What can you do to protect your nervous system?. Epilepsy. Most common neurological disorder in US Seizure disorder(must have _____ or more)—__________________________________________________________________________

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Neurological Diseases/Injuries/Disorders

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  1. Neurological Diseases/Injuries/Disorders What can you do to protect your nervous system?

  2. Epilepsy • Most common neurological disorder in US • Seizure disorder(must have _____ or more)—__________________________________________________________________________ • Grand Mal—______________________________ • Petite Mal—______________________________ • Can be caused by injuries, illness, abnormal brain wiring, imbalance of chemicals

  3. Meningitis • Affects the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (_________________________________________________________) • Caused by either _______________ or ____________—which is worse?? • Can lead to brain damage, hearing loss, learning disability • Accompanied by high fever, headache, stiff neck; also possibly nausea, vomiting, difficulty seeing in bright light, confusion, lethargy • The worst cases can cause death

  4. Stroke aka ________ Attack • Caused by heart problems, high BP, build up of plaque in arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the brain • Specific _______________________________________________________________________________________ • May experience numbness in face, arm, and/or leg usually focused on one side; sudden confusion, trouble talking or seeing, loss of balance, severe headache; paralysis which can be permanent; death • Treat with blood thinners and clot dissolving meds • _____ _____ ____ _____???

  5. Alzheimer’s • Most common form of _____________________ • Changes in brain tissue; loss of nerve cells, chemical levels, not fully understood; age and family history • Causes forget- fullness and ____________ loss • No cure but meds to slow progression; keep brain active • Usually occurs ___+

  6. Brain Tumor • Benign?--_______________________________________________ • Malignant?--____________________________________________ • Which is worse? --__________________________________________ • Can they both be bad??--_____________________________________ • Primary—start within the brain • Metastatic—start elsewhere in the body and spread to the brain • Cancer comes from changes that occur in genetic material, previous radiation exposure, exposure to chemicals, family history • May cause headaches, seizures, speech problems, impaired vision, weakness in parts of the body, problems with understanding, thinking, and memory • Treated by ______________________________________________ • Benign is more common in women

  7. Poliomyelitis • No longer common in the US—epidemic in the ___________________ • Caused by a _____________ spread through human waste—contaminated food and water • Causes fever, tiredness, vomiting, neck stiffness, leg and arm pain, and sometimes paralysis • Prevented with vaccine, no cure, treat symptoms • FDR

  8. Parkinson’s • Usually an elderly disease • Unknown cause—thought to have something to do with the chemical dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain • Symptoms-- ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Surgery may help symptoms, meds to balance the chemicals within the brain, no cure • Who? ________________________________________________________________________________________________

  9. Multiple Sclerosis • Affects the ________________that covers nerve cells • ___________________—comes and goes • ___________________—keeps getting worse • Unknown cause of the myelin being scarred (_________________), but does not allow the nerves to communicate effectively • Can cause _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________; most severe cases cause muscle spasms, bowel and bladder problems, slurred speech, sexual problems, paralysis, confusion, memory loss • No cure but meds help control (steroids and adapting lifestyle) • 400000 affected in US; affects women more than men; usually between the ages of ___________ and ____________

  10. Paralysis • Caused by injury to _____________________; injury or illness in nerves; stroke; polio • Causes loss of muscle function in part of the body • Hemiplegia--_______________ • Paraplegia--________________ • Quadraplegia--_____________ • Treatmentsinclude stem cells, retraining body, and physical therapy—often irreversible

  11. What can you do to protect yourself? • ? • ? • ? • ? • ? • ? • ? • ? • ?

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