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US Imperialism 1898 - 1920

US Imperialism 1898 - 1920. List 3 things you see in this cartoon. Objective. Define imperialism, isolationism, and expansionism. Evaluate the arguments for and against US imperialism at the end of the 19 th century.

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US Imperialism 1898 - 1920

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  1. US Imperialism1898 - 1920

  2. List 3 things you see in this cartoon.

  3. Objective • Define imperialism, isolationism, and expansionism. • Evaluate the arguments for and against US imperialism at the end of the 19th century. • Analyze the causes and effects (short-term & long-term) of US imperialism inside and outside the US.

  4. Questions to think about… • How does imperialism affect the countries that come under an imperial power? (pros and cons) • Is imperialism always a good or bad thing? • How have US actions in the past affect our relationships with other countries today?

  5. US Imperialism During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the United States pursued an aggressive policy of expansionism, extending its political and economic influence around the globe.

  6. Create a Concept Map • Use Inspiration on your computer. • For each of the terms, create at least two bubbles (one for the word, one with a definition/explanation in your own words). • Include at least 3 pictures (clipart, draw, or internet) • Be creative as you organize your concept map. For Example

  7. Imperialism TermsWhy did the US want to expand? • Imperialism – p.352 • Expanding US Interests – p. 353-354 • George Washington’s Farewell Address • Monroe Doctrine • Seward’s Folly • Arguments for Expansion – p. 355 • Protecting Economic Growth • Markets • Protecting American Security • Alfred T. Mahan (Influence of Sea Power Upon History) • Great White Fleet – p.375 • Preserving American Spirit – p. 356 • Manifest destiny • Henry Cabot Lodge • Social Darwinism • Arguments Against Expansion - Anti-Imperialists – p.372-373 • Moral & Political Arguments • Racial Arguments • Economic Arguments

  8. Why did the US want to expand?

  9. 1. Commercial/Business Interests (Markets & Raw Materials) American Foreign Trade:1870-1914

  10. 2. Military/Strategic Interests Alfred T. Mahan  The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783

  11. 3. Social Darwinist Thinking The White Man’sBurden The Hierarchyof Race

  12. The White Man’s Burden “TAKE UP THE WHITE MAN’S BURDEN SEND FORTH THE BEST YE BREED GO, BIND YOUR SON TO EXILE TO SERVE YOUR CAPTIVES’ NEED; TO WAIT, IN HEAVY HARNESS, ON FLUTTERED FOLK AND WILD YOUR NEW-CAUGHT SULLEN PEOPLES, HALF DEVIL AND HALF CHILD….” Rudyard Kipling, 1899

  13. 4. Religious/Missionary Interests American Missionariesin China, 1905

  14. Closing the American Frontier

  15. How did the US expand in the late 19th & early 20th centuries?

  16. How did the US expand in the late 19th & early 20th centuries?

  17. Presidential Diplomacy • McKinley • Open Door Policy • Roosevelt • Big Stick Diplomacy • Roosevelt Corollary • Taft • Dollar Diplomacy • Wilson • Moral or Missionary Diplomacy • Mexican Revolution (Pancho Villa)

  18. OPEN DOOR POLICY • Who? Secretary of State John Hay for McKinley • Target? China & Spanish American War • Goals: • Access to ports • New Markets • No country gets special privileges • US maintains a “sphere of influence”

  19. China

  20. Stereotypes of the Chinese Immigrant Oriental [Chinese] Exclusion Act, 1887

  21. The Boxer Rebellion: 1900 The Peaceful Harmonious Fists. “55 Days at Peking.”

  22. The Open Door Policy Secretary John Hay. Give all nations equalaccess to trade in China. Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken over by any one foreign power.

  23. TheOpen Door Policy

  24. America as a Pacific Power

  25. Spanish American War Complete your notes sheet as you view the powerpoint.

  26. Cuba

  27. The Imperialist Taylor

  28. Spanish Misrule in Cuba

  29. Valeriano Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy

  30. “Yellow Journalism” & Jingoism Joseph Pulitzer Hearst to Frederick Remington:You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war! William Randolph Hearst

  31. De Lôme Letter Dupuy de Lôme, SpanishAmbassador to the U.S. Criticized PresidentMcKinley as weak and abidder for the admirationof the crowd, besidesbeing a would-be politicianwho tries to leave a dooropen behind himself whilekeeping on good termswith the jingoes of hisparty.

  32. Theodore Roosevelt Assistant Secretary of the Navy in the McKinley administration. Imperialist and American nationalist. Criticized PresidentMcKinley as having the backbone of a chocolate éclair! Resigns his position to fight in Cuba.

  33. The “Rough Riders”

  34. Remember the Maineand to Hell with Spain! Funeral for Maine victims in Havana

  35. The Spanish-American War (1898):“That Splendid Little War” How prepared was the US for war?

  36. The Philippines

  37. The Spanish-American War (1898):“That Splendid Little War”

  38. Dewey Captures Manila!

  39. Is He To Be a Despot?

  40. Emilio Aguinaldo Leader of the FilipinoUprising. July 4, 1946:Philippine independence

  41. William H. Taft, 1stGov.-General of the Philippines Great administrator.

  42. Our “Sphere of Influence”

  43. The Treaty of Paris: 1898 Cuba was freed from Spanish rule. Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island ofGuam. The U. S. paid Spain$20 mil. for thePhilippines. The U. S. becomesan imperial power!

  44. The American Anti-Imperialist League Founded in 1899. Mark Twain, Andrew Carnegie, WilliamJames, and WilliamJennings Bryan amongthe leaders. Campaigned against the annexation of thePhilippines and otheracts of imperialism.

  45. Cuban Independence? Teller Amendment (1898) Platt Amendment (1903) • Cuba was not to enter into any agreements with foreign powers that would endanger its independence. • The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if necessary to maintain an efficient, independent govt. • Cuba must lease Guantanamo Bay to the U.S. for naval and coaling station. • Cuba must not build up an excessive public debt. Senator Orville Platt

  46. DILEMMA--Did U. S. citizenship follow the flag??

  47. Puerto Rico

  48. Puerto Rico: 1898 • 1900 - Foraker Act. • PR became an “unincorporated territory.” • Citizens of PR, not of the US. • Import duties on PR goods • 1901-1903  the Insular Cases. • Constitutional rights were not automatically extended to territorial possessions. • Congress had the power to decide these rights. • Import duties laid down by the Foraker Act were legal!

  49. Puerto Rico: 1898 • 1917 – Jones Act. • Gave full territorial status to PR. • Removed tariff duties on PR goods coming into the US. • PRs elected theirown legislators &governor to enforcelocal laws. • PRs could NOT votein US presidentialelections. • A resident commissioner was sent to Washington to vote for PR in the House.

  50. Write down three things you see in the cartoon below.

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