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Semicolons & Colons Apostrophes. Chapter 11. Here’s the Idea:. A semicolon indicates a break in a sentence. It is stronger than a comma but not as strong as a period. Semicolons in Compound Sentences. Use a semicolon to join parts of a compound sentence without a coordinating conjunction.
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Semicolons & ColonsApostrophes Chapter 11
Here’s the Idea: • A semicolon indicates a break in a sentence. • It is stronger than a comma but not as strong as a period.
Semicolons in Compound Sentences • Use a semicolon to join parts of a compound sentence without a coordinating conjunction. Enslaved people sang songs with secret messages; the songs told listeners how to escape.
Use a semicolon between the parts of a compound sentence when the clauses are long and complicated or when they contain commas. Runaways navigated by the stars; and they lived off the land, slept outdoors, and walked hundred of miles to freedom.
Semicolons with Items in a Series • When there are commas within parts of a series, use semicolons to separate the parts. The travelers took clues from songs, such as a song about the stars; from quilts which had special coded designs; and from the other people along the way.
Lets Practice! Where does the semicolon go?
Taylor forgot her gym shoes in my classroom she rushed in during P.E. to retrieve them.
Bella writes out beautiful class notes she uses so many colored pens!
S.E. Gross students received their midterms yesterday and they mostly smiled, and sometimes frowned, and asked their parents to sign the pink copy.
Emmalee waited for the bell to ring she bolted out of the room as soon as she heard it.
The students used strategies to study for their test, such as making notecards they quizzed each other at lunch and they remembered to review their notes.
Colons • A colon indicates an abrupt break. • A colon indicates that a list follows. • Colons are also used after greetings in business letters and in expressions of time.
Colons • Use a colon to introduce a list of items An escapee carried few items: a knife, a flint, and a warm cloak.
Use a colon after the formal greeting in a business letter. Dear Ms. Smith: Dear Sir:
Use a colon between numerals indicating hours and minutes in expressions of time. Meet me at 8:00 P.M. We’ll send the message at 8:30.
The students carried several items to reading class a notebook, their novel, and a pencil.
Dear Ms. Walsh I promise to study really hard for the writing test on Friday. Sincerely, Robert McDermott
Ms. Walsh has to bring many things to school in the morning her laptop, her plan book, and her notebooks.
Dear Ms. Walsh Please read us another chapter! Sincerely, Your Class
Apostrophes Here’s the idea: Apostrophes are used in possessive nouns, contractions, and some plurals.
Apostrophes in Possessives • Use an apostrophe to form the possessive of any noun, whether singular or plural.
For a singular noun, add ‘s even if the word ends in s. Becky’s bike Louis’s kite
For plural nouns that end in s, add only an apostrophe The girls’ house The pioneers’ messages
For plural nouns that do not end in s, add ‘s The children’s code The people’s plan
Apostrophes in Contractions • Use apostrophes in contractions In contractions, words are joined and letters are left out. An apostrophe replaces the letter or letters that are missing.
Contractions I am I’m She is she’s Cannot can’t They have they’ve Was not wasn’t They are they’re
Don’t confuse contractions with possessive pronouns, which do not contain apostrophes. Possessive pronouns: Its (belonging to it – its tail) Whose (belonging to whom –whose coat) Your (belonging to you –your book) Their (belonging to them– their house)
Apostrophes in Plurals Use an apostrophe and s to form the plural of a letter, a numeral, or a word referred to as a word. Cross your t’s. The speaker used too many um’s. How many 5’s are in the answer?
Where do I put the apostrophe? Ians brownies were an unexpected treat in class yesterday.
