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The Power of the Past

A look at the historical barriers to black wealth in America, including housing discrimination and government actions. Discover the impact of redlining and predatory contracts, and the ongoing fight for economic justice.

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The Power of the Past

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  1. The Power of the Past A look at the ways America blocked black wealth Christie marra Housing and community development attorney 919 E Main St. Suite 610, Richmond, VA 23219 T: 804-782-9430 F: 804-649-0974

  2. VPLC The statewide support center for legal aid in Virginia providing support in advocacy training litigation on the civil justice issues faced by low-income Virginians

  3. History of Private Discrimination Prior to passage of Fair Housing Act in 1968, many landlords refused to rent to African Americans Because African Americans had a smaller pool of rental housing to choose from, landlords could and did charge higher rent to African Americans Small supply of available rental housing also sometimes forced African Americans to rent less desirable homes Sellers of real estate often included racially restrictive covenants to keep the property from ever being sold to African Americans (Declared unconstitutional by United States Supreme Court in Shelley v. Kramer, 1948)

  4. Government Action 1912: Virginia General Assembly passes legislation authorizing localities to adopt ordinances requiring residential segregation (such ordinances declared unconstitutional by US S CT in 1917) 1950s public housing is officially segregated (Hillside Court is white only; Creighton Court is for black residents) 1950s highway construction: City of Richmond destroys Navy Hill and dissects Jackson Ward, both thriving African American neighborhoods where professionals who are also HOMEOWNERS reside, to build I-95

  5. Seneca Village Settled in 1820s in Manhattan – spanned from 82nd Street to 89th, between Seventh and Eight Avenues Residents of Seneca Village 2/3 African American, the rest European descent (mostly Irish) Made up of working and middle class, 50% of the 264 residents owned their homes Seneca Village had three churches and its own school NYC condemned land where Seneca Village sat in 1853 to build Central Park, displacing all the residents. Only some were compensated by the City, after court battles

  6. Redlining FHA Underwriting – Enabled people to buy homes through mortgages BUT Color coded maps – Red (graded D) were deemed too risky by Federal Government (HOLC) – therefore banks wouldn’t give mortgages to people buying homes in redlined neighborhoods Main reason for coding a neighborhood Red (grade D) = Black people lived there Black people were not able to get mortgages Only option for blacks wanting to buy homes – Predatory Contracts for deed

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  9. Thank You The Virginia Poverty Law Center is a non-profit committed to serve the needs of low-income Virginians. The work of the center is supported by individual and corporate donors and through lawyer’s IOLTA accounts. If you would like to find out how to give to our general or specific efforts, please contact us at donate@vplc.org

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