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This is English unit31

This is English unit31. A New Job. Session 1. Activity 1 Grammar. vocabulary. employ( 雇佣 )-employ er ( 雇主 )-employ ee ( 员工 ) dependent( 依赖的 )- in dependent( 独立的 ) hard- working garden-garden ing success ful hope ful out doors – in doors allow( 准许 )-allow ance ( 津贴 )

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This is English unit31

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  1. This is English unit31 A New Job

  2. Session 1 • Activity 1 • Grammar

  3. vocabulary • employ(雇佣)-employer(雇主)-employee(员工) • dependent(依赖的)-independent(独立的) • hard-working • garden-gardening • successful hopeful • outdoors –indoors • allow(准许)-allowance(津贴) • elder(年长的)-elderly(年老的)-friendly(友好的)

  4. Activity 1 words and phrases • decide to do “决定做某事” • give up sth/ doing sth:放弃… • be fed up with sth:对…厌倦 • career:职业，工作 • agree with sb：同意某人的意见 • such as “如…” • free lunch免费午餐；paid holiday带薪假期 • get on with +sb./sth.“和某人相处得愉快/某事进展顺利”

  5. look for +名词，“寻找” • talk about sth. with sb. “和某人谈论某事”talk to sb about sth. • agree with +sb. “同意某人” • resign 辞职 • take action “采取行动” • look at sb./sth.“看着某人或某物” • advertisement:广告 • pick out +sth.“选出”，

  6. write out “写出”，如：I wrote out an advertisement. • apply for +sth. “申请” • help sb. with sth. “帮助某人某事” • be worried about sth. “担心某事”，这里about表示“关于”，再如：talk about，tell about，think about • lack of sth. “缺乏某物”，这里lack是名词

  7. Worry的用法 p152 • be worried + about…… be worried是系表结构短语，这里worried是形容词，意思是“担心的”，＋about表示“为…担心” • John is ill. I am worried about him. • Sth.+ worry +直接宾语 • worry作vt. “使烦恼、使担忧”一般跟表示人的代词或名词 • This problem worries me a lot.这个问题让我很烦。 worry作n. 意为“烦恼的事”

  8. activity2 • get on well with • talked about • apply for • wrote out • give • looked at 7. look for 8. picked out 9. fed up with 10. agree with 11. helped 12. worried about

  9. activity3 • advertisement 广告 • salary:工资 wage • international国际的 • fluent流利的 He speaks English fluently. • experience经验 • allowance补贴

  10. residential home:养老院 • seek- look for:寻找 The boss has to seek a secretary to help him. • be interested in sth/ doing sth • I am interested in English. • shift work: 工作时间不定 • opportunity- chance :机会 • You should catch the opportunity in time.

  11. activity5 • looking for, thought of • hear from, worked in • forget about • find out, write to • look after

  12. 代词you用于泛指 在广告中，人称代词you多用于泛指任何人。例如： • Which job gives you the most holiday? • Which advertisement offers you free meals? • You can phone to find out more about the job. • I this job you look after elderly people.

  13. activity6 • have to: 不得不 don’t have to:不必 • have to do / be I have to finish my work on time. She has to look after her mother. • 将以上两个句子变成否定句： I don’t have to finish my work on time. She doesn’t have to look after her mother.

  14. Session 2 Activity 8 • qualification 资格 • interest 兴趣爱好 • skill 技能 • employment history 工作经历 • referee 证明人

  15. 在简历中有很多部分只写短语，不用写句子，但是要注意写法，有的用“名词+介词+名词/doing”结构，要记住搭配：在简历中有很多部分只写短语，不用写句子，但是要注意写法，有的用“名词+介词+名词/doing”结构，要记住搭配： • eight years’ experience of managing • ability to manage • good at helping customers

  16. activity10 • be good at…擅长于 She is good at English. • be fluent in…能流利地说… I am fluent in French. • be familiar with…熟悉… They are familiar with my friend. • be keen on热心…的；对…有兴趣； She's keen on sailing.

  17. be worried about …烦恼, 忧虑, Don't worry about trifles. • be responsible for…对…负责 Mary is responsible for the job. • have experience in…在…方面有经验 I have experience in marketing. • have a certificate in…证(明)书, 执照, 文凭 He has have a certificate in accountancy.

  18. be patient with…对…有耐心 Parents are patient with their children. • be interested in…对…负责 Mary is interested in the job. • have interest in…兴趣; 关心; 权利;利息; I have interest in marketing. • have knowledge of…在…方面有经验；知识, She has a good knowledge of London.

  19. Session 3 • Activity 15-20 • Grammar

  20. Activity15(extract3) 与动词、名词或形容词连用的介词在疑问句中的位置 • 在特殊疑问句中，与动词、名词或形容的介词一般紧随与其连用的相应动词、名词或形容词之后。例如： • What are they interested in? （形容词+介词） • What has he got experience in? （名词+介词） • Who were you talking about? (动词+介词) • What are you worried about? （动词+介词）

  21. activity17 • What are you listening to? • Who are you talking to? • What are you interested in? • Who are you worried about? • Which company did you write to? • Which advertisement did you pick out? • Which employee did you speak to? • Who did you hear from?

  22. activity18 • What did she forget about? • Who is he looking after? • Who did you hear from? • Who does he agree with? • Who have you written to? • What’s Jack responsible for?

  23. Focus of unit31 • 语法： • 动词worry的用法 • 代词 you 用于泛指 • 与动词、名词、形容词连用的介词在特殊疑问句中的位置

  24. This Is EnglishUnit 32 Things Go Wrong

  25. Session 1 • Activity 1 • Grammar

  26. Activity 1 • discuss vt. discussion n. discuss with sb.和某人谈话 • suggest vt. suggestion n.建议,使想起, 暗示 （常与that连用）提议；提出；建议 eg.I suggested that it would be quicker to travel by train. • contact n. vt.接触, 联系 be in contact with和...接触， 有联系 • budget n.预算 vi.做预算, 编入预算 budget for 为…编制预算

  27. opportunity n.机会, 时机 chance • sketch n.略图, 草图, 概略, 梗概, 拟定 vi.绘略图, 勾画 draft • dull 笨的； 单调的 dull person 愚笨的人 a dull speech 单调乏味的讲话 • burgle v.偷窃，入室行窃 burglar夜贼

  28. Grammar 动词不定式的用法 ___ 表示目的

  29. 动词不定式表示目的 • 动词不定式可用来表示目的， 相当于in order to eg： I come here to find her.（我来这里是为了找她。） I went to Paris to discuss the changes. • 记住下面句型，也可用来表示目的： enough+名词+to+动词； enough+名词+for+名词/动名词；

  30. enough的用法 • enough作副词用时，意为“充分地；足够地”，通常要把它放在所修饰的形容词、副词或动词的后面，常与不定式或介词for连用。 如： Is the river deep enough for swimming? 河水够深来游泳吗？ • enough作形容词，意为“充足的；足够的”，在句中可作定语或表语。作定语时，一般放在它所修饰的名词前面。如： 1. I have enough money to buy a colour TV set. 我有足够的钱买台彩电。 2. Fifteen minutes is enough time for you to have a coffee. 15分钟够你喝杯咖啡了。 • enough也可作代词用，意为“充分;足够”。 如：I have had enough, thank you. 谢谢你，我吃饱了。

  31. Session 2 • Grammar 被动语态 see sb do sth / see sb doing sth instead

  32. 被动语态的构成 The door was opened. be 动词 过去分词

  33. 被动语态 • 定义：被动语态，即不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者的一种语态。 • 句型：主语+be的各种时态+过去分词（+by+施动者） • 当主动语态要被改成被动的时候，我们把原句的宾语提前，作为该句的主语，主语后置，作为宾语。但是，有一点要注意，不及物动词由于不加宾语，没有被动形式，但不及物动词如果与某些介词构成介词短语，可以用被动。 例如：The fire had been put out before the fireman arrived. Put是不即物动词，但put out是及物动词

  34. 被动语态 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，或者动作的执行者不是人的时候。 例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) Thisbookwaspublishedin1981. 这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如： ThewindowwasbrokenbyMike. 窗户是迈克打破的。 Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim. 这本书是他写的 。

  35. 主动语态变为被动的几个特殊情况 : ① 有些动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改为被动，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有hear, watch, make, help, let等 如：The boss made my grandfather work 10hours a day. 改成:My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day. ② 不是所有的主动句都可以变换成被动句，更不是所有的被动句都可以自由变换成主动句。虽然语法原则上允许主动和被动句的互相转换，但有的句子转换后会变成不通顺或不地道的英语句子。

  36. see sb. do sth. / see sb. doing sth. • see sb do sth,表示看见某人作某事的全过程。 • see sb doing sth,表示看见某人作某事的一部分，不是全过程。 eg: I saw him loading \ load the van. • 与see用法相同的动词还有： feel, watch, hear, listen to, observe等这些感官动词,但有时—ing形式和—do形式意思区别不大。 eg: I heard him singing in the next room. I heard him sing in the next room.

  37. instead • Instead 可以代替句子中的短语或分句，含有“不是……而是……”的含义，表示应该做而没有做。 • instead 若是与名词或者动名词连用时要加上介词of • Instead of meeting Mary, Tim went straight home. • He was supposed to meet marry after work instead of staying at home.

  38. Session 3 • Activity 15 • 直接引语和间接引语

  39. 直接引语和间接引语 1、什么叫直接引语？ 直接引用当事人所说的语句，忠实于原文，不作任何改变，一般情况下我们用引号分开。如： “All the reactionaries are paper tigers”, said Chairman Mao. 2、什么叫间接引语？ 间接引用当事人所说的语句，即用我们的角度来引用别人在那个时候所说的语句，其时态、时间状语、人称均要根据我们的需要加以变换。如： Chairman Mao Zhedong said he would go to Chongqing to negotiate with Jiang Jieshi about peace in China.

  40. 例句： “I have been to Beiing before”, said Liping. Liping said that he had been to Beijing before. “What are you doing?”, the man asked me. The man asked me what I was doing. “Will he visit Nanjing tomorrow?”, she wants to know. She wants to know if he will visit Nanjing the next day

  41. 直接引语变间接引语的时态： 引用别人过去说的话，直接引语的时态变成间接引语后，间接引语的时态作如下变化： 注：如我们引用的别人的语句是自然界真理或是公认的道理，原语句时态不变。如： ‘The flowers grow out in spring.’ our teacher told us. Our teacher told us the flowers grow out in spring. 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 如:“ I will play basketball|”, he said to me. He said to me he would play basketball just now.

  42. 时间状语变化： now today tonight this morning/week tomorrow yesterday last month then that day that night that morning/week the following day/the next day the day before the month before eg: “I was in another place at that time yesterday”. The suspect said The suspect said that he had been in another place at that time the day before.

  43. 主语变化： 主语和引语动作主语是同一个人的要从我们引用人的角度使用主语。 如：“Iread the newspaper.” said Mr Wu. Mr Wu said thathe had read the newspaper. 主语和引语主语不是同一人时，间接引语主语一般不变 如：“The thiefis running away”,said Mrs Ma. Mrs Ma said that the thiefwas running away.

  44. 特殊疑问句和一般疑问句的间接引语： 1。将特殊疑问句的语序改为陈述句语序，问号改句号。 如：“where is the body？”asked the policeman. “who is the murderer?” she asked. The policeman asked where the body was She asked who the murderer was 2。一般疑问句的前面加if 或whether,其一般疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，问号改句号 如：“Does he know the victim ?” I asked “was there more than one attacker?” Millie asked Detective Liu I asked if he knew the victim Millie asked Detective Liu if there had been more than one attacter.

  45. Focus for This Unit • 动词不定式表示目的 enough+名词+to+动词； enough+名词+for+名词/动名词 • 被动语态 构成：be +done see sb do sth / see sb doing sth instead • 直接引语和间接引语

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