Analysis of Complicated Sentences

1. Advance with English 牛津高中英语 (模块九 ·高三上学期)

2. Unit 4 Grammar and usage Analysis of complicated sentences 板块：教学设计—课件 作者：韦娟

3. Unit 4 Description： The grammar item in this unit focuses on how to analyze complicated sentences. This lesson will help students revise what simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences and complex-compound sentences are and their structures.

4. What makes a sentence? • is what the sentence is about. • tells us something about the subject and always include a verb. Subject Predicate

5. S S S P P P Identify the subjects and the predicates of the following sentences. 1) We will have an exam next week. 2) The hunter got lost in the jungle 3) Islam was started about 1400 year ago by a man called Muhammad.

6. Members of sentences • To be specific, the members of sentences include S (subject 主语), • P (predicate or predicate verb 谓语或谓语动词 • O( object 宾语）， • C ( complement 补语)， • A( attribute 定语)， A( adverbial 状语)， A( appositive 同位语).

7. Study the sentences and find out how many subjects and predicates each sentence has. • 1) The guest has just arrived. • 2) Mr. Black is English. • 3) Mr. Black is a doctor. • 4) She picked a flower. • 5) The teacher taught us a new song. • 6) Parents should encourage their children to get close to nature.

8. simple sentence structure : subject + predicate

9. Identify the sentence patterns • 1) The guest has just arrived. • 2) Mr. Black isEnglish. • 3) Mr. Black isa doctor. • 4) She picked a flower. • 5) The teachertaughtusa new song. • 6) Parentsshould encouragetheir childrento get close to nature. SV SVC SVC SVO SVOO SVOC

10. Put the following words into sentences • 1) turned trees green. (SVC) • 2) the car in the end stopped (SV) • 3) the left the open visitor gate (SVOC) • Answers: • Trees turned green. • The car stopped in the end. • The visitor left the gate open.

11. 4) he is looking for his glasses (SVO) • 5) my birthday me friend a present gave (SVOO) 4) He is looking for his glasses. 5) My friend gave me a birthday present.

12. Study the sentences and find out how they are different from simple sentences. • 1）There are many idioms used in English and quite a few of them come from the Bible. • 2) ‘By and by’ now means ‘before long’,butin the Bible, it was used to mean ‘immediately’. • 3）Take a map with you, andyouwill find your way easily.

13. 4）Take a map with you, oryou’ll get lost. • 5）Nobodyanswered the door, soIleft. • 6）Some peoplehave everything whileothershave none. • 7）Not only did he believe the story but also he persuaded others to believe it.

14. compound sentence • Structure : • subject + predicate + and/but/or/for +subject + predicate

15. Combine the two simple sentences • 1) Pure salt will not lose its flavour. Impure salt will lose its flavour. (but) • 2) Idioms are an important part of language. They are used in everything from literature to films and newspapers. (and) • 3) Would you like to hand in another paper? Shall I give you an F?( or) 1.Pure salt will not lose its flavour but impure salt will (lose its flavour). 2.Idioms are an important part of language and they are used in everything from literature to films and newspapers. 3.Would you like to hand in another paper or shall I give you an F?

16. 4) The day breaks. The birds are singing. ( for) 5) He studied hard. He got high marks. ( thus) 6) Think it over. You will find a way out. (and) 7) This problem is very important. It is difficult to solve.( Not only… but also…) The day breaks, for the birds are singing. He studied hard, thus he got high marks. Think it over and you will find a way out. Not only is this problem very important but also it is difficult to solve.

17. Compare the following two sentences and tell the structures of them. An idiom is a group of words or an expression 1)and the meaning of the expression 2)whose meaning often cannot be understood by looking at the meanings of the separate words in it. .

18. more examples: • 1) Unless you recognize when an idiom is being used, you can easily misunderstand the meaning of a sentence. • 2）The text goes on to say that if salt loses its flavour, then it should be thrown away, meaning that if you are not honest, then you are worth nothing. (Underlined part serves as the adverbial.) ( Both of the underlined parts serve as objects.)

19. complex sentence • Structure: main clause + subordinate clause

20. Activity: Find complex sentences from the text.

21. subordinate clause coordinate clause Study the clauses in the sentence • People who follow this religion study Buddhist sutras and they follow the teachings of Buddha.

22. complex-compound sentence • Structure: the simple sentence + and/but/or +the complex sentence

23. The general structure of sentences: • the simple sentence: subject + predicate • the compound sentence: subject +predicate +and/but/or/for + subject +predicate • the complex sentence: main clause + subordinate clause • the complex-compound sentence: the simple sentence + and/but/or +the complex sentence

24. Answers: 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. c 5. c 6. c 7. b Exercise A

25. Exercise B • One English proverb is ‘the early bird catches the worm’, which is frequently used to talk about hard work being the key to succeed. 2. The proverb ‘ great minds think alike, but fools seldom differ’ is very famous although it is usually shortened to ‘great minds think alike.’

26. Exercise B • 3.The proverb ‘ don’t count your chickens until they are hatched’ means ‘don’t count on something going well until it happens’, and this proverb is very popular. • 4. The proverb ‘ make hay while the sun shines’ is very old, and it comes from the old days when people all worked on farms.

27. Homework • Exercises C1, C2 In Workbook P128