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Periodicity of 96,000 years

Eccentricity of Earth’s orbit. Periodicity of 96,000 years. Obliquity of Earth’s axis. Periodicity of 42,000 years. Precession of the axis wobble. Periodicity ~21,000 years. Endostromatolites: Record of temperatures 6 to 8°C warmer than today. 1 cm.

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Periodicity of 96,000 years

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  1. Eccentricity of Earth’s orbit Periodicity of 96,000 years

  2. Obliquity of Earth’s axis Periodicity of 42,000 years

  3. Precession of the axis wobble Periodicity ~21,000 years

  4. Endostromatolites: Record of temperatures 6 to 8°C warmer than today 1 cm Clark et al., 2004, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 41: 387-399

  5. Greenland (Greenland Ice-core Project (GRIP) Members, Climate Instability during the last interglacial perdiod recorded in the GRIP ice core, Nature, 364, 203-207 (1993). Dansgaard-Oeshger interstadial events

  6. Melt Layer Record ofSummer Temperature Fisher and Koerner, 1988

  7. So what is driving climate?

  8. With no greenhouse gases Terrestrial radiation (IR) TEarth = ~–18°C Sunlight (visible & IR)

  9. The natural greenhouse effect from H2O Terrestrial radiation (IR) TEarth = ~+14°C Sunlight (visible & IR)

  10. Water vapour is the BIG GUY.There is 30 times more, and it is more effective.

  11. Dalton Maunder NASA Solar Physics

  12. Irradiance and cloudiness

  13. Climate over the past 2500 years Yu and Ito Geology, 1999

  14. Berner, U. 2002. Klimafakten. BGR Geozentrum Hannover

  15. Carslaw et al., 2002. Science 298, 1732

  16. Cloud nucleation by high energy cosmic rays??

  17. Galactic Cosmic Rays Solar Variability of: UV X-ray Solar Wind Possible Links:Direct / thermal:Visible, IRDirect / Non thermal:UV, X-ray and Solar Wind variability (Heating of the top part of the atmospheres) Indirect:Galactic cosmic-ray induced climatic effects Shaviv, 2002 Physical Review Letters, 89: 051102

  18. Earthshine: a measure of Earth’s albedo Decrease in albedo by several W/m2 occurred during the warm 1990s, with a reverse trend since 2001 when temperature trends reversed. Pallé et al., 2004. Science 304, 1299-1301

  19. Berner, U. 2002. Klimafakten. BGR Geozentrum Hannover

  20. Evidence for the indirect picture:(Svensmark & Friis-Cristensen 1997) Solar Activity Cosmic Ray Flux Cloud Cover Shaviv (2002)

  21. Berner, U. 2002. Klimafakten. BGR Geozentrum Hannover

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