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Chemical Reactions & Stoichiometry Lab Week 9

This lab session focuses on chemical reactions, stoichiometry, and molecular shapes. Students will conduct various experiments and practice balancing equations.

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Chemical Reactions & Stoichiometry Lab Week 9

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  1. Chem 106: Class/ Lab Week 9 Sign in: Roster @ front of lab Work with your fermentation partner(s) for today’s experiment Chemical Reactions / Stoichiometry Take out your i-clicker

  2. Question Which of the following bonds is the most polar? A) B) C) D)

  3. Answer Which of the following bonds is the most polar? A) B) C) D)

  4. What molecular shape is water? • Tetrahedral • Bent • Trigonal planar • Linear

  5. What molecular shape is water? • Tetrahedral • Bent • Trigonal planar • Linear

  6. Which of these molecules has a linear molecule geometry? • CO2 • O3 • Both • Neither

  7. Which of these molecules has a linear molecule geometry? • CO2 • O3 • Both • Neither

  8. Which molecule could be represented with this diagram? • BH3 • CH4 • NH3 • NH4+

  9. Which molecule could be represented with this diagram? • BH3 • CH4 • NH3 • NH4+

  10. Chem 106: Class/ Lab Week 9 Turn in Today Moles & Molar Masses Weighing as a Way of Counting (Course/ Lab Manual pp. 33-37) Moles & Molar Masses II Atoms / Compounds / Molecular Formulas (Course/ Lab Manual pp. 38-39) Today’s experiment Chemical Reactions / Stoichiometry Have Course/ Lab Manual pp. 49 signed

  11. (Course/ Lab Manual pp. 33-37) Due today. One per Molview Team.

  12. (Course/ Lab Manual pp. 38-39) Due Today: Turn in one per Team or Individually

  13. http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/Mole-Quiz.html DUE: Today before midnight

  14. Today’s experiment Types of Chemical Reactions • Combination (Synthesis) • Decomposition • Single Displacement • Double Displacement • Combustion: Oxidation-Reduction • Biological Reactions: Enzyme Catalysts Example: Fermentation _______________ http://www.piney.com/BabNinkasi.html)

  15. General Chemical Reactions http://chemconnections.org/general/movies/rxn-types.mov

  16. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKRJ73Ro5jw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rL14uLbSLLc

  17. Human Circadian Rhythm Oscillating Reactions & Homeostasis Begin Here (1 cycle 24 hour Clock)

  18. Chemical Reactions Lab Manual pp. 47-51 Complete all of the procedures/reactions for parts A-D; record your observations in Lab Manual; have stamped before leaving lab today. Part A:Synthesis (Combination) Reaction Part B:Decomposition Reactions Part C:Single Replacement Reactions Part D: Double Replacement Reactions All pages are to be completed and turned in next week.

  19. Chemical Reactions • Combination (Synthesis) • A + B C • H2 (g) + O2 (g) H2O (g) • Balancing/ Stoichiometry (Conservation of Atoms): • H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2O (g) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6qGIMqDKwA

  20. Chemical Reactions • Decomposition • A B + C • 2 NI3 (s) N2 (g) + 3 I2 (s)

  21. Chemical Reactions • Single Displacement • AB + C CB + A • Example: • HCl (aq) + Mg (s) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) • Balanced Equation: ? 2 HCl (aq) + Mg (s) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) Name HCl(aq) ? Hydrochloric acid

  22. Single Displacement Cu(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) 2Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)

  23. Chemical Reactions • Double Displacement • AB + CD AD + CB • Example: • A solution of sodium phosphate reacts with a solution of silver nitrate to produce aqueous sodium nitrate and a precipitate of silver phosphate. • Balanced equation: ? Na3PO4(aq) + 3 AgNO3(aq) Ag3PO4(s) + 3 NaNO3(aq)

  24. Double Displacement Predict the products: H2SO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) → H2SO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) → H2O(l) + Na2SO4(aq) Balance the equation: H2SO4(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) → 2 H2O(l) + Na2SO4(aq)

  25. Chemical Equations • Combustion: • C8H18(l)+ O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(l) • Oxygen reacts with octane to produce carbon dioxide and water. • Reminder: the equation must balance: • 2 C8H18(l)+ 25 O2(g)16 CO2(g)+18 H2O(l) Carbon is oxidized: looses 4 electrons Oxygen is reduced: gains 2 electrons

  26. Combustion ProductsFormulas & Multiple Proportions http://chemconnections.org/general/movies/multiple-proportions.MOV

  27. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions“Redox” • Oxidation is the loss of electrons. • Reduction is the gain of electrons. • The reactions occur together. One does not occur without the other. • The terms are used relative to the change in the oxidation state or oxidation number of the reactant(s).

  28. Activity increases going down the row Activity increases going up the row https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UO0CKJ0ubwM Cesium: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4pQz3TC0Jo Which would be most reactive? A) Li + I2 B) Na + Cl2 C) Cs + F2 Rubidium: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iP6CRZdDu6o

  29. Reactions, Balancing, Stoichiometry Worksheet (Course/ Lab Manual pp. 65-67) Due next week. • Either work collaboratively and turn in one per partnership or work individually. • The Mole / Molar Mass and Molecular Formula On-line Quiz DUE Today 11:59PM. • Prepare answers to the following questions for next week.

  30. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5orJHRHbX0

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