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Passover / Pesach. Jesus on the road to Emmaus. Jesus on the road to Emmaus. Luke 24v13-27 “And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets he explained to them everything concerning himself”…. Terms clarification. Torah
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Jesus on the road to Emmaus • Luke 24v13-27 • “And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets he explained to them everything concerning himself”…
Terms clarification Torah A primary root; to flow as water (to rain); to lay or throw (to shoot an arrow); point out (as if by aiming the finger), to teach, direct, inform, instruct. Strong’s Concordance no #H3384
Terms clarification Talmuds – Babylonian and Jerusalem Oral history of the Jewish people. Written down 400AD, contains common law rulings, cultural norms and interesting stories. Seder Order of service Haggadah The telling
The telling of Passover The Haggadah Exodus 12v1-42
Gods plan for redemption Child of God, have you come out of Egypt? Exodus 6v6-7 Therefore, say to the Israelites: ‘I am the LORD, and I will bring you out from under the yoke of the Egyptians. I will free you from being slaves to them, and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm and with mighty acts of judgment. I will take you as my own people, and I will be your God.
I will bring you out The people had no choice, they couldn’t worship God as He’d intended or how they wanted, they were subject to Pharaoh, and his desires, just as we were slaves to sin and subject to death. “To bring out” implies a change of status, a change of camp!
I will deliver you People who need delivering are those who cannot help themselves – they were helpless except for Gods help. So God upstaged the gods of Egypt, taking their belief system apart piece by piece, culminating in the death of their living god, Pharaoh's son. The gods of Egypt are like the gods we create for ourselves – pride, greed and self centeredness
I will redeem you with an outstretched arm To redeem means to pay a ransom, often to remove a family member from slavery. In this instance it is the blood of the lamb on the lintels which pays the price. God showed his power over Pharaoh once more when they perished in the sea. God gave the life of Egyptians in exchange for their own.
I will take you as my own and I will be you God God took them into the desert to make a covenant with them, and to give them the promised land. Likewise God takes us, to make us a people, holy, set apart for himself (1 Peter 1v15 quoting Lev 11v44-45).We still have a way to travel before we reach the final goal, but the journey, our earthly lives is still a necessity.
Passover commandments 1. The lamb is sacrificed from midday until sunset on the 14th day of the first month, Nisan. (also called Aviv) (Lev 23v4) 2. Sacrifice only in the place that is God chooses for a dwelling place, ie Jerusalem. (Deut 16v5) 3. No foreigner may eat it unless he is circumcised. (Ex 12v43)
Passover commandments 4. The sacrifice must not have any raising agent in it. (Ex. 34v25) 5. Do not eat it with bread made with a raising agent. (Deut. 16v3) 6. Do not have any raising agent in your possession for 7 days following the Passover. (Deut. 16v4) 7. On the 1st & 7th day hold a sacred assembly, it is a Sabbath. (Deut. 16v8)
“In every generation…” The Rabbis taught that one should speak as if they were leaving Egypt , this is said to be included to give every Jewish person a personal part in the drama of the Exodus and to add to his joy…
The great assembly 170BC This was a group of Scribes, Sages and Prophets, who began the process of canonizing the Old Testament, began the process of classifying the Oral Torah, set the Feast of Purim and set specific prayers and times of prayers, all things “ritual”.
“Mummy are we ready for Passover yet?”“Yes honey, we are now!”
Cleaning the house To fulfill the commandment not to have any raising agent (Se’or) in your possession. Se’or is a picture of sin and decay. Traditionally parents hide chametz in the house, the children take a light to look for it, and then burn it.
Jesus anointed Mary anointed Jesus before he entered into Jerusalem for the final time. It was Spikenard an expensive ingredient of the anointing perfume described in the Torah, used to anoint Kings and Priests with. The smell lingered for days. She was declaring Jesus as “Mashiach”, Messiah, the Anointed.
Proclaimed King • On the 10th Nisan Jesus enters Jerusalem to shouts of “Hosanna, ben David, Baruch haba b’shem Adonai” (save us, son of David, blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord), they have designated Jesus as their Messiah. On this day they choose their lamb for the feast and kept in the house to check for blemishes.
Observed for blemishes • Jesus enters the temple, he is approached by Pharisees, Sadducees and Torah teachers from different sects, they question him, not to trap him, but to check for things that would disqualify him as the Messiah. They cannot find fault with him – he is without any blemish.
Things to think about 1. What did Jesus eat for Passover? 2. What was the difference between the cups of wine Jesus drank before and after supper? 3. What was the reason he dipped his bread into the bowl? 4. What were the hymns he sang after supper?
1st Cup of Sanctification • I will bring you out – to be brought out, is to be set apart, made Holy or Sanctified. The cup is also called the Kiddush. Kiddush is from the word Kadosh which means Holy.
Washing hands • This could allude to the Laver in the temple. Despite being clean, the priests would wash their hands and feet immediately before offering a sacrifice. • Although we are spiritually cleansed by Jesus, we need to return to him continually for the washing of our souls...
The questions! The youngest child asks… “Why is this night different from all other nights?” 1. “Why is it that on other nights we eat bread, but on this night we eat Matzah?” 2. “Why do we eat bitter herbs?” 3. “Why do we dip into the bowl twice?” 4.“Why do we recline?”
The afikomen Afikomen means dessert, but it also means “I have come”or “the coming one” Three matzah are put in a bag, Jews believe that this could represent Abraham, Isaac & Jacob, we can see that it could be Father, Son and Spirit. One is taken out and broken, put in a white cloth and hidden in the room , just as Jesus’ sinless body was hidden in the tomb.
The lettuce Romaine lettuce is pleasant on the leaves but becomes bitter at the stem. In the same way the children of Israel began their stay in Egypt pleasantly, but ended up in bitter slavery…
Horseradish These are the bitter herbs. They represent the bitterness of suffering. In a Messianic sense it also represents the betrayal of Jesus by Judas. Can be eaten as a Hillel sandwich. Some people put Charoset in it to remind themselves that God can change bitterness into sweetness…
The parsley Represents the crushing backbreaking work of slavery. It is dipped in salt water, to remind us of our tears. It also looks forward to a time when Messiah will come and wipe away every tear…
The charoset • Represents the mortar used to make the bricks, reminds us that God will not put on us more than we can bear…
The shank bone This replaces the Passover lamb which would have been sacrificed for the festival. This is because there is currently no temple. It symbolizes God’s outstretched arm of liberation and redemption…
The roasted egg Reminds us that there is no temple to sacrifice the Passover lamb in… Its oval shape may also represents eternal life as it has no beginning or end…
2nd Cup of deliverance • I will deliver you from their bondage. • “To deliver” shows that it was God who did the work, just as it is God who does a work in us to change us from the inside out..
Eating the meal / supper • Traditionally lamb is not served at Passover, because there is no temple to sacrifice it in. However, as believers in Jesus we can serve lamb, to remember that Jesus is our Passover lamb. • Note that what we are eating is NOT the passover lamb, it is just lamb...
Afikomen (part 2) • The broken half of the afikomen is brought back to the table and broken amongst the people, just as Jesus said, “Take eat, this is my body”…
3rd Cup of redemption/thanksgiving • I will redeem (ransom) you with an outstretched arm and great judgements. • Just like the lamb’s blood, it is the blood of Jesus on our hearts that ensures that we are free from God’s judgment. • “To redeem” shows God was willing to buy them and us back at great cost to himself…
3rd Cup of redemption/thanksgiving/blessing • In most Christian circles ‘grace’ is said before meals, but in the scriptures ‘grace’ is said after meals. The reason is, ‘When you have eaten and are satisfied, praise the LORD your God’… • Note the word for thanksgiving and blessing both come from the greek “eulogea”. To give thanks is “eucharistesas” from where we get the word “eucharist”.
4th Cup of Hope / Praise • I will take you as my own and I will be you God. • This is a marriage contract. Israel was to marry their God and the celebration of the engagement was to be the giving of the Torah. The engagement ring was to be the Sabbath. • Between the Passover and the giving of the Torah was fifty days, the number of liberation. • We will drink this cup with Jesus at the wedding feast of the Lamb…
The Hallel These are sung at the end of the meal, Ps 113-118, 136 The gospels recall that after eating the Passover, Jesus and the disciples “hymned”. The Talmud says that the hymns sung at the end of Passover were the Hallel…
Ps 113 • From the rising of the sun to the place where it sets, the name of the Lord is to be praised…
Ps 114 • When Israel came out of Egypt, the house of Jacob from a people of foreign tongue, Judah became God’s sanctuary, Israel his dominion. • Tremble O earth at the presence of the Lord, at the presence of the God of Jacob, who turned the rock into a pool and the hard rock into springs of water…
Ps 115 • Why do the nations say, “Where is their God?” Our God is in heaven; he does whatever pleases him. • But their idols are silver and gold, made by human hands. • They have mouths, but cannot speak, eyes, but cannot see. • They have ears, but cannot hear, noses, but cannot smell. • They have hands, but cannot feel, feet, but cannot walk, • nor can they utter a sound with their throats. • Those who make them will be like them, and so will all who trust in them…
Ps 116 • The LORD is gracious and righteous; • our God is full of compassion. • The LORD protects the unwary; • when I was brought low, he saved me…
Ps 117 • Praise the LORD, all you nations; lift Him up, all you peoples. • For great is his loving kindness toward us, and the loving kindness of the LORD endures forever. • Praise the LORD…
Ps 118 • The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone; • the LORD has done this, and it is marvellous in our eyes. • The LORD has done it this very day; let us rejoice this day and be glad..
Ps 136 • To him who struck down the firstborn of Egypt; His love endures forever. • and brought Israel out from among them; His love endures forever. • with a mighty hand and outstretched arm; His love endures forever. • to him who divided the Red Sea asunder; His love endures forever. • and brought Israel through the midst of it; His love endures forever. • but swept Pharaoh and his army into the Red Sea; His love endures forever
5th Cup of Elijah • This is not part of the biblical exodus, but rather the tradition that developed out of Malachi 4v1-5 which says that Elijah would come to prepare the way before Messiah. • Will Elijah come again before the return of Jesus?
Can we celebrate Passover?What did Jesus do? • Jesus kept Passover, as did his disciples. • Talmidim meaning apprentice; one who is learning from a master. • He instructed them to go and make talmidim from all the nations, Matt 28v19.
