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The Use and Abuse of Psychoactive Drugs

The Use and Abuse of Psychoactive Drugs. Chapter 9. Addictive Behavior. Habits that have gotten out of control, with a resulting negative effect on a persons health. Characteristics between a habit and an addiction Reinforcement Compulsion or Craving Loss of Control Escalation

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The Use and Abuse of Psychoactive Drugs

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  1. The Use and Abuse of Psychoactive Drugs Chapter 9

  2. Addictive Behavior • Habits that have gotten out of control, with a resulting negative effect on a persons health. • Characteristics between a habit and an addiction • Reinforcement • Compulsion or Craving • Loss of Control • Escalation • Negative Consequences

  3. Development of an Addictive Behavior • Harmless or even beneficial if done in moderation • Characteristics of the additive behavior • Common behaviors • Addictions with shared characteristics • Compulsive or pathological

  4. Examples of Additive Behaviors • Compulsion or Pathological Gambling • Sex and Love addiction • Compulsive spending or shopping • Internet addiction

  5. Drug use, Abuse and Dependence • The Drug Tradition • Drug abuse and Dependence • APA - substance = Drug, Substance dependence = addiction • Involves • Abuse of substance without physically dependent

  6. Drug Dependence • Substance dependence 1. Developing tolerance 2. Experiencing withdrawal 3. Taking in larger amounts 4. Expressing a persistent desire to cut down 5. Spending great deal of time obtaining 6. Giving up or reducing important activities 7. Continual usage even with recognition of a problem 8. Diagnosed with at least 3 or more symptoms 9. Experience tolerance or withdrawal without being considered dependent

  7. Reasons for Drug Use • Who uses drugs? • Young people are drawn • Experiment • Escape • Reliance • Magnification of residence • Why do people use drugs? • Risk factors for Dependence

  8. Four Categories of Factors Determine How a Drug Will Affect the Body • Brain chemistry • Drug factor: • Pharmacological properties • Dose-Response function • Time-action function • Drug use history • Method of use • User Factor • Social Factors

  9. Psychoactive Drugs • Opiods (narcotics) • Natural or synthetic • Methods of administration • Induce euphoria • Symptoms of overdose

  10. Psychoactive Drugs • Central Nervous System Depressants • Sedative-hypnotics • Effects on the body • Types • Effects • Medical uses • From use to abuse

  11. Psychoactive Drugs • Central Nervous System Stimulants • Cocaine • Methods of use • Effects • Abuse and Dependence • Use during pregnancy

  12. Psychoactive Drugs • Central Nervous System Stimulants • Amphetamines • Effects • From use to abuse • Dependence • Ritalin • Ephedrine • Caffeine

  13. Psychoactive Drugs • Marijuana • Cannabis Sativa • THC • Short term effects and uses • Long-term effects and uses • Dependence

  14. Psychoactive Drugs • Hallucinogens • LSD, Mascaline, DMT, MDMA, Ketamine, and PCP • Synesthia • Altered state of consciousness • Flashbacks

  15. Psychoactive Drugs • Inhalants • Volatile solvents • Nitrates • Anesthetics • Methods of use

  16. Drug Use: The Decades Ahead • Drug research • Drug costs on society • financially and human suffering • Legalization • Drug Testing

  17. Signs of Drug Dependence • Withdrawal • Rebellious • Loss of interest • Decline in school performance • Change in friends • Change in sleep patterns • Money issues

  18. Professional Treatment Programs • Drug substitution • Treatment centers • Self-help groups and peer counseling • Codependency • Prevention

  19. Role of Drugs in Your Life • Issues to Consider • What to do instead of drugs.

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