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Getting to Know

Getting to Know Aperture Aperture As the f-stop numbers go up in number the aperture size becomes smaller Traditionally, the f-stop setting is located on the lens barrel Depth of Field

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Getting to Know

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  1. Getting to Know Aperture

  2. Aperture As the f-stop numbers go up in number the aperture size becomes smaller Traditionally, the f-stop setting is located on the lens barrel

  3. Depth of Field Depth of field is the area from near to far in a scene that is acceptably sharp/in focus in a photograph

  4. Depth of Field • One of the most important aspects of taking a good photograph • Determined by aperture size • Small apertures have greater depth of field than larger apertures • e.g. f/22 had greater depth of field than f/2.8 • Remember that small f-stop means larger opening and therefore less depth of field

  5. Depth of Field

  6. Depth of Field

  7. Depth of Field Mark Kauffman, Princess Margaret Inspecting King’s African Rifles, Mauritius, 1956

  8. Depth of Field • Plane of Critical Focus • The focal point or area of your photograph • Think of it as the midpoint of your depth of field • Should be what you are focusing your lens on when taking a photograph

  9. Aperture & ART f/5.6 f/16

  10. Aperture & ART When using selective focusing, make sure that you select a depth of field that is shallow enough to blur unwanted details completely. Maximum Aperture focused on a single bloom.

  11. Aperture & ART With fairly even light, the smallest aperture was used to ensure the image was sharp from front to back. The resulting shutter speed was 4 seconds. Cathedral Interior, Cordoba

  12. Aperture & ART A short depth of field allows the cow’s eye to be in sharp focus while the cow’s tongue and the horizon are blurred.

  13. Determining Exposure: Shutter & Aperture • Exposure is the combination of aperture (f-stop) and shutter speed used to allow the correct amount of light to reach the film • Exposure is also determined by film speed • If the film speed is not set correctly the exposure will be off • Film speed is denoted by ASA or ISO: this is a system to rate the film speed, with the higher the ASA number, the more sensitive the film is to light • Higher film speed is “faster” and more sensitive (can be used with less light) • 400 is faster than 200, 200 is ideal for outdoors, 400 for all purpose

  14. Determining Exposure: Shutter & Aperture When determining exposure, the photographer must take into account Depth of Field and Motion. Shutter Speed 1/8 Aperture f/16 Shutter Speed 1/125 Aperture f/4 Shutter Speed 1/500 Aperture f/2

  15. Determining Exposure: Shutter & Aperture APERTURE F/1.4 F/2 F/2.8 F/4 F/5.6 F/8 F/11 F/16 F/22 F/32 F/64 SHUTTER 1/1000 1/500 1/250 1/125 1/60 1/30 1/15 1/8 1/4 1/2 1 B Doubling Halving Halving Doubling

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