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The United States and the Post World War I Order

The United States and the Post World War I Order. 1920-41. The League of Nations. Recap of Wilson and League of Nations Wilson vs. Senate Consequences of US non-involvement. Problems after World War I. Large numbers in casualties Economic. Post World War I Europe. France.

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The United States and the Post World War I Order

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  1. The United States and the Post World War I Order 1920-41

  2. The League of Nations • Recap of Wilson and League of Nations • Wilson vs. Senate • Consequences of US non-involvement

  3. Problems after World War I • Large numbers in casualties • Economic

  4. Post World War I Europe

  5. France • Impact of World War I • Demanded reparations from Germany

  6. Britain • Consequences of “Victory” • Economic Decline

  7. Britain • Problems in the British Empire • “White” colonies • India • Ireland

  8. Russia • Russian Revolution (1917) • Russia becomes the first Communist nation • Russian Civil War (1917-22)

  9. Russia • Lenin takes full control • War communism • New Economic Policy

  10. Russia • Lenin • Dies in 1924 • Leon Trotsky and Josef Stalin compete for power

  11. Germany • Weimar Republic formed in 1918 • Democratic state, but no one wants it • Political Instability • Treaty of Versailles • Reparations

  12. Germany • Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) • Background • National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi) in 1920 • Attempted Takeover in 1923

  13. Italy • Gained the least from the war • Benito Mussolini (1883-1945) • Fascism

  14. Postwar Europe • Postwar Europe begins to stabilize by 1925 • New system of reparations

  15. Role of the US in Post War Europe • US role in international affairs • Washington Naval Conference 1921-22 • Open Door Policy

  16. Postwar Europe • Treaty of Locarno (1925) • Kellogg-Briande Pact (1928)

  17. The Great Depression • The 1920s were a period of economic prosperity • In Europe and the United States • The United States dominated world trade • US loans and investments kept European economy going

  18. The Great Depression • Prosperity was unsustainable • Agricultural overproduction • Role of American investment

  19. The Crash of 1929 • Stock Market crash in Wall Street October 29, 1929 • Created ripple effect throughout the world in the next few months • The Great Depression followed • Not just an American phenomenon • A global economic slowdown

  20. Germany • Depression weakened support for the Weimar Republic

  21. Germany • Elections held in 1932 • Nazis won 37% of the seats in Reichstag • Hitler appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933

  22. Germany • Hitler consolidates his power in 1933 • Reichstag fire, February 27, 1933 • Enabling Act passed March 23, 1933

  23. Germany • Hitler eliminates internal competition • Purges Nazi party of SA (Stormtroopers) • Hitler becomes both President and Chancellor on August 2, 1934

  24. Germany • Hitler and Anti-Semitism • Blamed Jews for Germany’s problems • Nazis passed Nuremberg laws (1935)

  25. Germany • Hitler’s Economic Policies • Tax breaks for families • Heavy government spending

  26. Italy • Mussolini and Fascists take over Italy in 1922 • One-party state • Fascists made deal with big business • Signs agreement with the Vatican in 1929

  27. Soviet Union • Centralized Planning • New Economic Policy discarded • Heavy industrialization • Collectivization of agriculture

  28. Soviet Union • Stalin’s Purges (1936-38) • Stalin eliminates potential rivals • Millions of people arrested, deported, executed, or disappeared

  29. The United States and Latin America • Latin America • Politically “independent” since the early 19th century • Under influence of the United States • “informal imperialism”

  30. The United States and Latin America • Latin American nations tried to escape American domination • Resentment of American interventions • Rise of Marxism • “Good Neighbor Policy”

  31. The United Statesand Latin America

  32. Causes of World War II in Europe • Hitler begins to scrap Versailles after 1933 • Rearmament • Remilitarization of the Rhineland

  33. Causes of World War IIin Europe • Appeasement • British motives • French motives

  34. Causes of World War IIin Europe • Hitler redraws Germany’s borders • Austria (1938) • Czechoslovakia • Poland

  35. Causes of World War IIin Asia • Japan • One of the victors of the First World War • Japanese ambitions

  36. Causes of World War IIin Asia • Political instability in Japan • Japan‘s response to Great Depression

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