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Henry VIII

Henry VIII. Henry VIII. Born 1491-1547 King of England 1509 to 1547 Son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. His two brothers, one of whom, Arthur, was heir to the throne, predeceased their father, with the result that Henry became the crown prince. Henry VIII.

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Henry VIII

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  1. Henry VIII

  2. Henry VIII • Born 1491-1547 • King of England 1509 to 1547 • Son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. • His two brothers, one of whom, Arthur, was heir to the throne, predeceased their father, with the result that Henry became the crown prince.

  3. Henry VIII • During his schooling he had become skilled in both poetic and musical composition. • In his youth he was full of personality and charm. • By the time of his crowning in 1509, Henry was very popular. • It was shortly after his crowning, Henry married Catherine of Aragon, his late brother’s widow.

  4. Henry VIII • Catherine was the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. • Henry showed little interest in administration, and had left a lot of his foreign correspondence with his Archbishop Thomas Wolsey of York (1475 -1530). Wolsey endeavoured to maintain alliances with both Spain and France. • Catherine had a number of children with Henry but all of them had deceased except for their only daughter Mary (1516 – 1558).

  5. Henry VIII • Henry was greatly concerned with not having a legitimate male heir. He felt it was God’s punishment for him marrying his deceased brother’s wife. • It was during this time that Henry cast his eye on a young Anne Boleyn. • He desired greatly to marry her, but needed to divorce his wife Catherine. • Up until this point Henry was Roman Catholic and in favour with Pope Leo X who titled him ‘Defender of the Faith’.

  6. Henry VIII • It was because of his catholic convictions, Henry was hoping to get the approval he needed to divorce his wife Catherine to marry Anne Boleyn. • Henry’s difficulty was that he needed the Pope’s approval, and he was held a prisoner in Spain by Charles V who happened to be Catherine’s nephew. • Henry didn’t get the approval he sought. • Thomas Cranmer who was Henry’s new Archbishop of Canterbury, suggested that Henry bring the matter to the Universities of England.

  7. Henry VIII • This committee approved the divorce. • However this decision would have greater ramifications to the Church in England: • Revenue that would normally go to Rome was immediately cut. • Henry had Parliament declare that the King was the Head of the Church, not the pope. • The church moved from being ‘the church in England’ to ‘the Church of England’ or ‘Anglicana Ecclesia’.

  8. Henry VIII • Henry VIII was able to divorce his wife Catherine and went ahead and married Anne Boleyn who was already pregnant with his child. • Anne Boleyn gave birth to Elizabeth. • This marriage however didn’t last long as Anne Boleyn was beheaded in 1536 on a charge of adultery.

  9. Henry VIII • Here is a list of the wives of Henry VIII • Catherine of Aragon (Mary) • Anne Boleyn (Elizabeth) • Jane Seymour (Edward) • Anne of Cleves (Henry divorced immediately) • Catherine Howard (Executed on the charge of Adultery) • Catherine Parr (Outlived Henry)

  10. The Rule of Henry VIII • As a ruler, Henry VIII was ruthless manipulated to get what he wanted. • In 1535 Henry had Thomas Wolsey's successor, Sir Thomas More, executed for refusing to claim the headship of the king over the Church of England. • Five years later Henry had More’s successor executed for negotiating the King’s marriage to Anne of Cleves for he disliked her when he met her. • Financially, Henry VIII was having major issues. • He had blown his father’s inheritance and the country was getting further and further in strife.

  11. The Rule of Henry VIII • The Reformation was growing in England and because of this Henry authorized Tyndale’s Bible to be printed in 1536. William Tyndale was executed for his translation in 1525. • Thomas Cranmer pushed for more of an English style to the church hierarchy. • Henry VIII however endeavoured to keep the doctrine of the Catholic church as part of the Church of England. • Whoever supported the Protestant reforms had to submit to the king’s way, or flee the country, otherwise they would be burnt at the stake.

  12. The Rule of Henry VIII • The Roman Catholic Church lost all influence in England after Henry’s break from Rome. • Henry VIII enhanced the power of Parliament. • But Henry VIII, without realising, paved the way for the English Reformation movement.. • Henry died January 28th, 1547, and was succeeded by his sickly son Edward VI.

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