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Non Traumatic EENT Emergencies

Non Traumatic EENT Emergencies. Eyes--Ears--Nose--Throat. Eye Emergencies. Acute Glaucoma Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Retinal Detachment. Acute Glaucoma. Increased intraocular pressure Caused by acute obstruction of aqueous humor outflow Signs/Symptoms Decreased visual acuity

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Non Traumatic EENT Emergencies

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  1. Non Traumatic EENT Emergencies Eyes--Ears--Nose--Throat

  2. Eye Emergencies • Acute Glaucoma • Central Retinal Artery Occlusion • Retinal Detachment

  3. Acute Glaucoma • Increased intraocular pressure • Caused by acute obstruction of aqueous humor outflow • Signs/Symptoms • Decreased visual acuity • Colored halos around lights • Severe eye pain radiating to head/face • Nausea, vomiting • Fixed, midposition pupil • “Steamy” cornea

  4. Acute Glaucoma • Management • Cover eyes • Transport

  5. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion • Blockage of blood flow to retina • Signs/Symptoms • Sudden, painless, unilateral blindness • Management • Intermittent digital massage over closed eyelid • Caution - monitor EKG • Consider having patient rebreathe in paper bag

  6. Retinal Detachment • Separation of retina from underlying structures • Signs/Symptoms • Dark or irregular “floaters” • Flashes of light • “Curtain” or “Veil” in visual field • Management • Transport gently

  7. Ear Emergencies/Urgencies • Otitis Externa • Otitis Media • Foreign Bodies

  8. Otitis Externa • Localized or diffuse infection of ear canal • Predisposing factors • Wetness • Irritants (hair dye/sprays) • Trauma from cleaning ears

  9. Otitis Externa • Signs/Symptoms • Itching, severe pain • Loss of hearing if ear canal swells • Foul smelling discharge • Tenderness with traction on ear

  10. Otitis Media • Bacterial or viral infection of middle ear • Usually secondary to upper respiratory infection • Common in children 3 months to 3 years old

  11. Otitis Media • Signs/Symptoms • Persistent, severe earache • Fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea • Red, bulging tympanic membrane

  12. Foreign Bodies • Common in young children • Attempts to remove may damage tympanic membrane • Transport to ER for removal • Non-hydroscopic objects may be irrigated out • Insects can be killed by placing mineral oil in ear canal

  13. Nose/Throat Emergencies • Nasal foreign bodies • Epistaxis • Peritonsillar Abscess (Quinsy)

  14. Nasal Foreign Bodies • Common in young children • Foul-smelling, bloody, unilateral discharge • Retained foreign bodies • Rhinoliths • Transport for removal

  15. Epistaxis • Causes • Local infection • Drying of mucous membranes • Hypertension • Trauma • Bleeding tendencies • Digital insertion

  16. Epistaxis • Management • Anterior Bleed • Pinch nostrils • Pressure over upper lip at base of septum • Local cold application • Posterior Bleed • May require packs or cauterization • Patients may need volume replacement

  17. Peritonsillar Abscess (Quinsy) • Acute infection of soft tissue spaces around tonsil • Signs/Symptoms • Severe pain on swallowing • Fever • Tonsil displaced medially • Respiratory distress

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