Sustainable Water Management in the Netherlands

1. Sustainable Water Management in the Netherlands Luit-Jan Dijkhuis Directorate General of Water Affairs

5. Current policies Climate change water scarcity and droughts Policy shift and waterplan 2009 Contents

6. 1976 Most severe water scarcity and droughts event in Dutch history 1985 Policy for present water scarcity and drought management 2003 Renewed attention for water scarcity and droughts 2009 National Waterplan Policy development on water scarcity and droughts

7. Priority list water scarcity Category 1 Category 1 Category 2 Category 2 Category 3 Category4 Category 4 Category 3 safety and prevention Public utilities small - scale use with Other uses Safety and prevention Public utilities Small-scale use withhigh added value Other uses economicconsiderations alsofor nature of irreversible high added value (economic of irreversible damage considerations, also damage for nature) 1. 1. stability of dikes Stability of dikes 1. 1. Drinking water drinking water • • Temporary sprinklingof capital-intensivecrops temporary sprinkling • • Shipping shipping 2. 2. soil compaction soil compaction (peat) 2 2 . . energy production Energy production of capital - - intensive • • agriculture Agriculture ( peat) crops • • nature Nature (as long as noirreversible damage isdone) ( as long as no 3. 3. Natureconnected to soil characteristics) nature • • Process water process water irreversible damage is ( ( connected to soil done) characteristics) • • Industry industry • • Recreation recreation • • Fishery fishery precedes precedes precedes precedes precedes precedes

9. Dutch climate scenario’sbased on IPPC climate scenario’s

10. Climate change and impact on water system Increasing temperature and transpiration in summer Rising sea level Decreasing river discharge in summer Salt water leakage Increasing salt water intrusion Decreasing fresh water availability Increasing fresh water demand Fresh water problem

11. Increasing sea levels Increasing temperature and transpiration in summer Rising sea level Decreasing river discharge in summer Increasing sea levels Afname Salt water leakage Increasing fresh water demand Toename zoetwateraanbod zoutindringing Zoetwatervraagstuk

12. Decreasing river discharges Increasing temperature and transpiration in summer Rising sea level Decreasing river discharge in summer Afname Salt water leakage Increasing fresh water demand Toename zoetwateraanbod zoutindringing Zoetwatervraagstuk

13. Increasing water temperature Increasing temperature and transpiration in summer Rising sea level Decreasing river discharge in summer Afname Salt water leakage Increasing fresh water demand Toename zoetwateraanbod zoutindringing Zoetwatervraagstuk

14. Increasing chlorine concentration Increasing temperature and transpiration in summer Rising sea level Rivierafvoer daalt (zomer) (zomer) Salt water leakage Increasing salt water intrusion Decreasing fresh water availability Increasing fresh water demand Fresh water problem

15. Salt water intrusion Increasing temperature and transpiration in summer Rising sea level Rivierafvoer daalt (zomer) (zomer) Salt water leakage Increasing salt water intrusion Decreasing fresh water availability Increasing fresh water demand Fresh water problem

16. Decreasing fresh water availability in 2050 Increasing temperature and transpiration in summer Rising sea level Rivierafvoer daalt (zomer) (zomer) Salt water leakage Increasing salt water intrusion Decreasing fresh water availability Increasing fresh water demand Fresh water problem

17. Increasing fresh water demand Increasing temperature and transpiration in summer Rising sea level Rivierafvoer daalt (zomer) (zomer) Salt water leakage Increasing salt water intrusion Decreasing fresh water availability Increasing fresh water demand Fresh water problem

18. Fresh water availability under pressure Conclusions Conclusions Not Climate Proof • Before 2050 exceeding critical chloride concentrations • Summer 2003 will be normal in 2100 • National water balance will be negative in 2100

19. Adaptation to Climate Change Talenti Cathedral of Florence Bell Tower Pisano Giotto

20. Strategies • Water users anticipate on water scarcity • Retaining and storing fresh water in winter • Measures in water system • Desalination

21. Thank you for your attention