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What is Kawasaki Disease?

What is Kawasaki Disease?. Kawasaki Disease (KD ) also known as Kawasaki Syndrome . • An unusual and serious illness of young children. It is an autoimmune disease that can effect any type of blood vessel in the body, including arteries, veins, and capillaries.

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What is Kawasaki Disease?

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  1. What is Kawasaki Disease? Kawasaki Disease (KD) also known as Kawasaki Syndrome. • An unusual and serious illness of young children. It is an autoimmune disease that can effect any type of blood vessel in the body, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. • The walls of the blood vessels throughout the body become inflamed. • Largely seen in children under 5 yrs. of age. • Most common among children of Japanese and Korean descent, but can affect all ethnic groups.

  2. • Alternative name is called “mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome” • • Often begins a high and persis- • tent fever that’s not very respon- • sive to reg Tx with paracetamol. • • Red, dry, cracked lips and a red, • swollen (strawberry) tongue. • • Red, swollen palms of the • hands and feet. • Red eyes • • In untreated children, the feb- • rile period lasts on average • approx. 10 days. Signs and Symptoms (KD) Signs and Symptoms (KD)

  3. • The body's response to a virus or infection combined with genetic factors may cause the disease. However, no specific virus or infection has been found. • • Can't be passed from one child to another child. What Causes Kawasaki Disease?

  4. • Inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis). • Heart valve problems (mitral regurgitation). • Vasculitis, w/c is the most feared complication in a Kawasaki Syndrome. Common Complications (KD)

  5. •Can't be prevented • however, most children • who develop the disease • fully recover—usually • within weeks of getting • signs and symptoms. • •Advance problems are rare. How Can Kawasaki Disease Be Prevented?

  6. The medicines that are used to treat KD are called intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and ASA (acetylsalicylic acid or Aspirin). IVIG IVIG is given through an intravenous (IV) needle in a child’s vein. -it can reduce the inflammation (redness and swelling) in the body. IVIG contains antibodies from donated blood. It is screened for viruses and bacteria before it is used as a treatment. ASA ASA is given by mouth 4 times a day at first - in high doses, ASA also helps reduce inflammation in the body. How can KD be treated?

  7. • Kawasaki Disease is diagnosed based on your child's signs and symptoms and the results from diagnostic tests and procedures. • EKG (electrocardiogram) is recommended. - a simple test detects and records the heart's electrical activity. EKG can show whether Kawasaki disease has affected the heart. • Blood Tests - these tests can show whether the body's blood vessels are inflamed. How Is Kawasaki Disease Diagnosed?

  8. • First described in 1967, by the pediatrician Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki, who reported 50 cases of a unique self-limited childhood illness. • He referred to it as "acute febrile mucocutaneous syndrome” with lymphoid involvement with specific desquamation of the fingers and toes in children. History of KD

  9. • Pediatricians often are the first to suspect a child has Kawasaki Disease. - Doctors who treat children. • A Pediatric Cardiologist is a doctor who specializes in treating children who have heart problems. • A practice specializing in Rheumatology (painful joints) Specialists Involved (KD)

  10. • Kawasaki disease is treatable if caught early and most children recover without any serious long term effects. Conclusion

  11. Conjunctivitis. (2003). In Webster’s New World Medical Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.lirn.net/services/proxy?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.credoreference.com/ entry/webstermed/conjunctivitis Corticosteroids. (2006). In Churchill Livingstone’s Dictionary of Nursing. Retrieved from http://www.lirn.net/services/proxy?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.credoreference.com/ entry/ehscldictnursing/corticosteroids Editors of Salem Press (2008). Kawasaki disease. Magill's Medical Guide, 4th Rev. ed.. Salem Press. Retrieved from http://elibrary.bigchalk.com.ezp-00rrx.lirn.net Heart Diseases and Conditions (AHA). (2010, November 17). In ProQuest Editorial Website G. Retrieved from http://elibrary.bigchalk.com.ezp-00rrx.lirn.net Kawasaki disease. (2011). In Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.lirn.net/services/proxy?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.credoreference.com/ entry/ehsdorland/kawasaki_disease Mayo Clinic Staff. (2011). Kawasaki disease: Complications. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/kawasaki- disease/DS00576/DSECTION=complications Mitral Regurgitation. (2011). In Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.lirn.net/services/proxy?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.credoreference.com/ entry/ehsdorland/mitral_regurgitation Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome (MLNS). (2012). In Mosby’s Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, & Health Professions. References

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