1 / 16

Policy of Interventions for Air Pollution Control in Mumbai :

Policy of Interventions for Air Pollution Control in Mumbai : Cost Benefit and Perspective of India’s 25 years of Air Act Implementation. Dr. D.B.Boralkar, Dr. Ajay Deshpande and Dr. Rakesh Kumar. BAQ-2006 MPCB-NEERI.

joshua
Télécharger la présentation

Policy of Interventions for Air Pollution Control in Mumbai :

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Policy of Interventions for Air Pollution Control in Mumbai : Cost Benefit and Perspective of India’s 25 years of Air Act Implementation Dr. D.B.Boralkar, Dr. Ajay Deshpande and Dr. Rakesh Kumar BAQ-2006 MPCB-NEERI

  2. MPCB AT A GLANCE • Regulatory authority in the state of Maharashtra • Established in 1969 under a State Act. • Central Air Act in 1981, adopted in 1982. • Head Quarters at Sion, Mumbai. • Central Laboratory at Navi Mumbai. • Regional offices : 11 • Regional Laboratories : 6 • Sub-Regional Offices : 45 • Employees • Technical : 307 • Ministerial : 394

  3. OBJECTIVES OF PRESENTATION • Demonstrate how a mega city, which had gas chamber nomenclature for one of its area called Chembur, has improved its air quality. • Various interventions taken place in last several years • Need for strengthening the air monitoring and reporting mechanism. Mumbai was the first city in India which started air quality monitoring • What is the air quality status today due to various interventions • Need for health based policy formulations for better air Quality planning and implementation

  4. MUMBAI Area: Population: Population density: Vehicles: CAAQMS: 2 Manual AQMS: 3

  5. Yearly Trend of SO2 –NO2 (Mumbai) Mumbai SO2 NO2 No. of Vehicles Approx. 11,25,000 For 2003 These values are registered vehicles: Real numbers on road are different

  6. INDICATORS OF CHANGE Industries Transport Sector • Large scale closure of industries • About 187 air polluting industries left • Use of cleaner fuel (CNG and low S fuel) • Better compliance • Industrial Response • Multifold increase in vehicles • Fuel became cleaner : 500 ppm S, low aromatics etc. • Alternate fuel: CNG/LPG for Taxis/Autos and buses • New technology • Average age of vehicles :3-4 years

  7. INDICATORS OF CHANGE Area Sources • Domestic burning : Better and Cleaner (LPG/PNG) • Bakeries/Crematoria/Incinerators: Poor control • Refuse Burning: Large Scale: distributed sources • Construction practices: Poor practices • Re-suspension Dust • Road-side burning • Leaf/ refuse burning for fuel • Solid waste: not collected • Evaporative Emissions • others

  8. CONCERNS • Congestion increased • Public Transport facilities inadequate • Expensive public transport • Inadequate road space (encroachment, parking) • Incentives for personal mode of transport • Average speed reducing : some places 5km/hr • Others!!! (population) The benefits of reduced air pollution levels may not be sustainable

  9. MAJOR INTERVENTIONS AND POLICY CHANGES Fuel Quality Fuel Change Emission standards (COP –EURO/Bharat) Industrial policy Industrial Fuel Quality Domestic Fuel Quality (LPG/PNG) Availability/ non-availability of electricity ?

  10. VEHICLE EMISSION NORM SCHEDULE Euro-III (Country) Euro-IV(Metros) 2010 Euro-II(Country) Euro-III(7 megacities) 2005 Euro-Iequivalent (Country) Euro-II eqv. For cars (4 metros) 2000/01 2nd set norms notified 1996 Emission norms for catalytic vehicles 1995 1st set norms notified 1990

  11. Gasoline Lead Phase-out Programme In India Gasoline Benzene Reduction Proramme In India No Specifications – Before 1996 April 1996 – 5% June 1994 0.15 g/l (4 metro) April 2000 -3% in Metro cities April 1995 – Unleaded 4 metros November 2000 -1 % in NCT & Mumbai Jan 1997 -Low leaded Entire Country Feb 2000 - Unleaded Country

  12. DIESEL SULPHUR REDUCTION PROGRAMME April 1996 --Sulphur 0.50 % 4 metros & Taj April 1997 - - Sulphur 0.25% Delhi & Taj April 1998 -- Sulphur 0.25% Metro cities Jan 2000 --Sulphur 0.25% Entire Country Jan 2001 -- Sulphur 0.05% Mumbai Jun 2001 -- Sulphur 0.05% NCR July 2001 -- Sulphur 0.05% Chennai & Kolkatta

  13. ISSUES IN AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT • Institutional Mechanism- Coordination & information flow with different State Departments and Central Department are weak and need strengthening. • Air quality Monitoring- few monitoring stations. Need more CAAQMS to collect air quality trends. Industry CAAQMS data not verified, compiled or collated . • Emission inventory - Emission inventoryis not estimated, database for non-point sources not existing , emission factors not available • Source apportionment study- study not conducted, training inadequate, chemical profiles not existing • Health impact study- Few epidemiological studies, no regular collection of hospital data • Air quality initiatives highly biased for Transport sector

  14. INITIATIVES BY MPCB FOR BETTER AIR QUALITY IN MUMBAI • Up gradation of air quality monitoring and reporting • Installation of CAAQMS at 3 locations • Increase in manual AQM from 3 to 12 • Daily publishing of air quality data on website and media • VOC monitoring • CAAQMS • CAAQMS in industries mainly located in one area, propose to distribute them scientifically across city. • Improved validation and operation of CAAQMS

  15. Continued…. • Propose to establish health and air quality epidemiological study initiative • Application of BENMAP for Cost Benefit Analysis • Compilation of all information on air quality studies in the city in CD format • Source Apportionment Study • Emission Inventory Preparation • Source profile studies • Capacity development in air quality prediction

  16. FINALLY • Air quality improvement have taken place in Mumbai • Air quality studies highly biased for Transport sector • Poor quantification and credible reporting • Health based linkages and successes not yet fully known • Many simpler policies may reduce PM emissions to greater extent • Need for health based policy formulations for better air Quality planning and implementation THANKS

More Related