Reproduction In Plants

1. Reproduction In Plants

2. Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is the formation of new individuals from the cell(s) of a single parent . It is very common in plants . An ingredient used to bake a cake is a single celled plant known as yeast.  Yeast reproduces by a process called budding. The small bulb-like projection coming out from the yeast is known as a bud.  It detaches from the parent plant and develops into a new plant.

3. Fragmentation Algae, the simplest green plants, reproduce by an asexual method known as fragmentation. An alga breaks up into smaller fragments. Each of these smaller fragments grows into a new independent alga. The white mass and cottony like structure on the bread is called mould

4. Spore Formation A mode of reproduction resembling multiple fission, common among Protozoa, in which the organism breaks up into a number of pieces, or spores, each of which eventually develops into an organism like the parent form . The formation of reproductive cells or spores, as in the growth of bacilli.

5. Vegetative Reproduction • In some plant , vegetative parts such as root , stem and leaf can be used to produce new plant . • This type of reproduction known as vegetative reproduction can be done by natural as well as artificial method .

6. Natural Method • Natural vegetative reproduction is mostly a process found in herbaceous and woody perennial plants, and typically involves structural modifications of the stem, although any horizontal, underground part of a plant (whether stem, leaf, or root) can contribute to vegetative reproduction of a plant.

7. LEAF In plants such as Bryophyllum (also known as "mother of thousands") or the piggyback plant, the leaf supports development of a tiny shoot buds. These buds may begin to form roots at their base. As these shoots break off from the original leaf, they fall onto the ground and take root.

8. ROOT New plants will grow out of swollen, modified roots called tubers. Buds develop at the base of the stem and then grow into new plants

9. STEMS Plants such as oxalis and grass grows horizontally and almost touching to the ground . In plants such as mint and chrysanthemum , horizontal stem arise from the base . Some plants have arched stems which cross over small obstacles and develop small plantelets at their nodes eg , Vallisneria , Wild strawberry etc .

10. Artificial Method • Layering – Making roots grow from the stem of the plant. • Cutting - Using a short section of a plant stem for propagation. • Budding - Taking a bud from one plant and moving it to another. • Grafting - Placing a section of stem from one plant onto another plant.

11. Structure of a Flower 1. Pistil 2. Stigma 3. Style 4. Ovary 5. Stamen 6. Filament 7. Anther 8. Petal 9. Sepal 10. Receptacle 11. Stem

12. Male Reproductive Structure • The stamen consists of two parts: Anther and Filament • The anther is where meiosis occurs to produce haploid pollen • The filament is a stalk that supports the anther

13. Female Reproductive Structure • The pistil consists of the stigma, style and ovary • The sticky stigma receives the pollen from the anther • The pollen grows a tube down through the style • Meiosis occurs in the ovary to produce haploid ovules

14. Made by KavanPanchal, Harris Panjwani, NishitaHundia, ShivanshShukla, Viraj Shah, PriyaBuch, Meet RanpuraOF STD VIII NARANPURA BRANCH