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Solar Inverter Training

Solar Inverter Training. LOB Green Energy. Topics. About us Delta Group “Green Energy“ Engagement LOB Green Energy Solar Inverter Product Overview SOLIVIA Accessories Efficiency Advantages of Delta Solar Inverter. Customer Questions to Service LEDs and Display Delta Service Software

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Solar Inverter Training

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  1. Solar Inverter Training LOB Green Energy

  2. Topics • About us • Delta Group • “Green Energy“ Engagement • LOB Green Energy • Solar Inverter • Product Overview SOLIVIA • Accessories • Efficiency • Advantages of Delta Solar Inverter • Customer Questions to Service • LEDs and Display • Delta Service Software • Fault Analysis • Installation • Service & Support • References

  3. About us

  4. Delta Group „to provide innovative, clean and efficient energy solutions for a better tomorrow“ • Founded: 1971 • World’s No. 1 supplier of Switch Mode Power Supplies and DC brushless fan • Headquarters in Taipei, Taiwan • Sales of about US$ 6 billion • Worldwide presence • 60,000 employees

  5. Product Range Green Energy Display Solutions Components Power Management high-efficiency String + Central high-end semi-custom solution for Telecom High brightness full HD projectors from 5,000 to 30,000 lumens World's No.1 supplier of DC brushless fans Automotive Electronics Industrial Automation LED Solutions Networking Innovative, high-efficiency modularized designs EV / HEV starters battery packs Inverters, dedicated server industrial controllers Energy-saving networking wireless broadband solutions

  6. Solar target markets Europe Tennigen, Germany Research & Devlopment Sales and Support USA City of Industry, CA Sales and Support Seoul, Korea Sales and Support Taipei, Taiwan Headquarters Australia Sales and Support India Bangalore – KarnatakaSales and Support Bangkok, Thailand Production Sales and Support

  7. Solar Facilities in Europe Netherlands ( Germany) Sales Belgium ( Germany) Sales France ( Germany) Sales Czech Republic( Slovakia) Sales Dubnica nad Váhom ( Slovakia) Produktion, Sales & Support Teningen und Soest, Germany Marketing, Sales & Support, R&D, Qualifikation, Produktion Uznach, Switzerland Sales & Support, R&D Bologna, Italy Sales & Support Madrid, Spain Sales & Support Portugal ( Spain) Sales

  8. R & D • Expert teams for Innovation Management, Research Programs, Design and Custom Solutions • 10 application teams • Over 75 years of experience and knowledge in the field of power conversion • Advanced development team: Topologies, implementation of new components, materials and manufacturing techniques,… • Technical support team • R&D coordination with Delta’s worldwide engineering groups

  9. Equipment • EMI / RFI: Test Rooms • Conducted and radiated emission • RF immunity • HF conducted immunity • Surge and burst, ESD • Voltage variations, dips and drop outs • Harmonics, flicker • Environmental Tests • Shock and vibrations • Temperature (-70 °C to +180 °C max.) • Humidity (10 % to 95 %)

  10. Equipment • Component Stress • Burn In • Shock Vibration • HiPot • EMC • IP65 Test • Automatic Final Test • Life Test: Own PV installation in order to test the new developed Solar Inverters

  11. Production Facilities in Slovakia • Production area: 12.000 m² • Production capacity: 500 Megawatt • Employees: 865 • Production of Solar Inverters, Power Supplies for medical engineering and industrial automation applications

  12. Production Facilities in Thailand • Production area (Bangpoo): 72.300 m² • Production capacity: 900 Megawatt (Asia) • Employees : 10.420 • Production of Solar Inverters, DC-DC Converters, Automotive Electronics, Telecom Power Systems, Power Supplies for medical engineering and industrial automation applications

  13. What our customers expect today and in future… • High reliability (Quality) • Long economic lifetime • High efficiencies • Wide operating temperature ranges • Full digital control • Reliable and fast worldwide support • Training programs • Easy installation

  14. SOLIVIA Inverter Asia-Pacific

  15. SOLIVIA Brand SOLar Inverters for Versatile and Intelligent Applications

  16. SOLIVIA Features One model for all countries One unit can be used in six countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, China, India, Korea, Taiwan and Thailand) simply with the click of a button! The multi-country models will help Delta and our customers to save costs in production, warehousing and logistics. State of the art display We improved the usability of our inverters with a new display that is brighter, offers a wider viewing angle and consumes less power. Easy handling and installation Packaged with each inverter is a mounting plate that makes the mounting of the inverter on a wall as easy as 1-2-3. By incorporating a HF transformer design, units are up to 50% lighter than standard transformer based inverters.

  17. SOLIVIA Features Versatile applications The SOLIVIA string and central inverters can be used with all common photovoltaic module types, even with rear-side contact modules and thin-film modules that require positive or negative DC grounding. With the optional grounding kit from Delta, the SOLIVIA inverters are a perfect fit for these applications. All SOLIVIA string inverters can be installed indoors or outdoors (IP65 housing). Due to the wide input voltage range of 125V to 540V, the inverters are suitable for a broad range of photovoltaic installation types. Efficiency & temperature improvements The brand new SOLIVIA 2.5, SOLIVIA 3.0 and SOLIVIA 3.3 have a maximum efficiency of 96%. Compared to the transformer-based inverters from our competitors, the SOLIVIA inverters deliver the maximum efficiency over a much wider power range. Full power up to 57 °C ensures maximum yield.

  18. String Inverter SOLIVIA AP with HF-Transformer- Product Availability by Country SOLIVIA 5.0 Available Q2 2011

  19. SOLIVIA 2.5 SOLIVIA 3.0 SOLIVIA 3.3 Input Nominal power(W) Voltage range (V) Nominal current (A) 2750 125 … 540 9.8 3300 125 … 540 11.8 3630 125 … 540 13.0 Output Nominal power (W) Voltage range (V) Nominal current (A) 2500 210…264 (Australia) 10.9 3000 210…264 (Australia) 13.0 3300 210…264 (Australia) 14.4 Max. Efficiency(%) Efficiency EU (%) Humidity (%) 96.0 94.8 0 … 98 96.0 94.8 0 … 98 96.0 94.8 0 … 98 Protection class IP65 IP65 IP65 String Inverters SOLIVIA AP with HF-Transformer SOLIVIA 5.0 5500 125 … 540 17.2 5000 210…264 (Australia)) 22.0 95.6 94.6 0 … 98 IP65 * AC voltage and frequency range will be programmed according to the individual country requirements

  20. SOLIVIA 5.0 Solar Inverters for Asia-Pacific String Inverter with HF-transformer SOLIVIA 3.0 SOLIVIA 2.5 SOLIVIA 3.3

  21. Technical Details – SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3 and 5.0 SOLIVIA 2.5SOLIVIA 3.0SOLIVIA 3.3 SOLIVIA 5.0 Panel Solar Interleaved Resonant Converter with HF Transformer - Pulsating HF Booster Inverter

  22. 125 - 540 V Technical Details – SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3 and 5.0 SOLIVIA 2.5SOLIVIA 3.0SOLIVIA 3.3 SOLIVIA 5.0

  23. Design Layout SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3 High-Frequency Trafo Bulk-Elkos DC Control-Board Auxiliary Power AC Inverter Booster AC Control-Board ENS Relais DC Filter AC Filter AC Out DC In RS485

  24. Communication SOLIVIA 2.5SOLIVIA 3.0SOLIVIA 3.3SOLIVIA 5.0 Product features • RS485 interface • USB via adapter • Standardized software protocol • Based on ANSI x 3.28 Standard • 16bit checksum for error checking • Data packages wrapped by STX and ETX • Baud rate 19200, 8 bits, none parity, 1 stop bit • SOLiViA Monitoring Software (web) included with RS-485 to Ethernet Gateway Submitted data • Measured data • AC (voltage, current, power, frequency) • DC (voltage, current, insulation resistance) • Total kWh, grid impedance • Statistics • kWh per day, week, month • Inverter status • Operational status, error status

  25. SOLiViA Monitoring Software

  26. Accessories

  27. Accessories Grounding kit – Delta

  28. PV System dimensioning

  29. Efficiency

  30. Efficiency 9% (amorphous) 15% (crystalline) Solar Inverter 3.3 AP 95% 1000W Grid Solar Modules 85,5W – 142,5W Loss: 4,5W-7,5W 90W – 150W Loss: 850W-910W 0,9W – 1,5W 1% Improvement in efficiency 10W Solar Inverter Solar Modules

  31. SOLIVIA 3.3 Technical Data Derating Efficiency

  32. Advantages of Delta Inverters

  33. Technical Advantages Advantage Delta Inverter • Delta, founded in 1971, has worldwide locations in more than 40 countries World’s largest manufacturer of internal switch-mode power supplies with more than 60,000 employees and revenues of $6 billion US • State-of-the-art production facilities ensure availability and fulfill highest quality standards of e.g. solar industry, automotive industry and medical applications • Highly motivated solar team offer Delta customers professional training courses on request as well as fast service via the Solar Support Hotline set up especially for this purpose • High efficiency in higher MPP range • High efficiency in higher and lower power range

  34. Technical Advantages Advantage Delta Inverter • IP65 is important for lifetime of more than 20 years (dustproof) • All connections and settings can be made without opening the inverter • Delta Service Software allows for effective troubleshooting, settings and system check via the RS485 interface without opening the inverter • SOLIVIA - Solar Inverters for Asia-Pacific: One model can used in more than six countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, China, India, Korea, Taiwan andThailand) • Full output power up to 57°C ambient temperature • At a nominal PV power of < 20%, one booster section will be turned-off leading to higher efficiency and life time

  35. Technical Advantages Advantage Delta Inverter Technische Vorteile unserer Inverter • We have built in reverse current protection • Lifetime is increased thanks to assembly of 105°C electrolytic capacitors • Thanks to switching the semiconductors in resonant mode, the lifetime of the transistors will increase significantly • Reduced repair costs due to clear separation of DC and AC side • The calculated MTBF (theoretical fault rate) = 26 years (EXAR 8.0) • We have our own EMV-, Vibration- and Temperature tests. • Delta has a long experience over decades in development of AC/DC, DC/DC and DC/AC power converters • Customers like Microsoft, Apple, Siemens, Nokia, IBM, Sony and of course major customers from the solar field trust in Delta products

  36. Customer Questions to Service

  37. Plant-Configuration, Limits Limited performance of the Solar Inverter • Too many PV modules → High PV output → Power or current limitation of Solar Inverter • Not enough PV modules → Low PV output → Low-load range of Solar Inverter is unfavourable

  38. Where is the Ideal Solar Inverter Operating Point? • Maximum efficiency range • Solar Inverter should be operated in upper MPP voltage range

  39. Why the upper MPP voltage range? • A higher DC voltage from the PV modules leads to lower currents and helps to reduce the cross section of solar cables • Higher efficiency of Delta Solar Inverters • The Solar Inverter’s shutdown threshold (lower limit of DC voltage) will not be reached if the module temperature rises

  40. Calculation with module characteristic data Calculation • PNom = 173W Module characteristics acc. to STC conditions • UMPP = 26.4V Ambient temperature 25°C • IMPP = 6.55A Irradiation E = 1000 W/m² • UOC = 34.1V AM (Airmass) 1.5 • ISC = 7.29A • Power coefficient -0.40% / °C -0.692W/°C • Voltage coefficient -0.36% / °C -0.123V / °C with no-load operation, per module • -0.095V / °C at MPP, per module • Current coefficient +0.03% / °C +0.0022A / °C with short circuit, per module • +0.0020A / °C at MPP, per module

  41. Max. voltage on Solar Inverter Calculation 1 2 . . . . . 10 1 2 . . . . . 10 Inverter DC AC 20 modules UOC=34.1V UOC_total=34.1V x 10=341V Max. possible voltage on Solar Inverter at -20°C? Voltage coefficient for 1 module = -0.123V/°C Voltage coefficient for 10 modules = -1.230V/°C Temperature difference between +25°C and -20°C = -45°C -1.230V/°C x -45°C= 55.3Vvoltage difference at -20°C At -20°C, the OC voltage will increase by 55.3V. UOC @ -20°C = 341V + 55.3V = 396.3V

  42. Min. possible voltage on Solar Inverter at module temperature of +70°C? Calculation • At +70°C, the MPP voltage decreases by 43V to 221V. • The max. OC voltage of this system is 396V. • The min. operating voltage of our system is 221V. • With 2 parallel strings, the current is 2 x IMPP = 2 x 6.55A = 13.1A • In total, there are 20 modules. • PDC Nom = 20 modules x 173W = 3460W • According to the data sheet, our SI 3300 would be right at home here. • MPP operating range 150V...470V, rated current 13A, rated power 3630 W

  43. Unfavourable Module Configuration DC AC Calculation 1 2 . . . . . 6 Inverter 18 modules One string with 6 modules in series UOC = 204V 3 strings in parallel IMPP = 20A PDC Nom = 18 modules x 173W = 3112W UOC @ -20°C = 237V max. voltage UMPP @ +70°C = 133V min. voltage

  44. Most unfavourable power condition at a module temperature of +70°C Calculation Power coefficient: -0.40%/°C per module -0.692 W/°C Module power 173Wp Temperature difference between +25°C and +70°C = 45°C P70°C = -0.692W / °C x 45°C = -31.14W At a module temperature of 70°C, we have power losses of 31 W per module. Each module supplies 142W only - instead of its rated output power of 173W. This means that the whole system with its 20 modules can only supply 2840W instead of 3460W.

  45. Reduced Output due to Contamination Reasons for reducedpower

  46. Reduced Output Power due to Shading Reasons for reducedpower Bypass diode 1 2 18 19 20 36 Module with 36 cells approx. 21V

  47. Reduced Output Power due to Shading Reasons for reducedpower

  48. Reduced Output Power due to Shading Reasons for reducedpower

  49. Reduced Output Power due to Shading Reasons for reducedpower

  50. Reduction Reasons caused from DC Side Reasons for reducedpower • DC line cross section and length → Cable losses • Temperature of the modules → PV voltage drops → Reduced output power • Insulation fault → Solar Inverter disconnected from grid

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