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Crises of the 14 th & 15 th Centuries

Crises of the 14 th & 15 th Centuries. Crises of the 14 th and 15 th Centuries. Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy (1305-1378) The Great Schism (1378-1415) Overpopulation and The Black Death (1348-1361). Europe in the 1320s. Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453).

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Crises of the 14 th & 15 th Centuries

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  1. Crises of the 14th & 15th Centuries

  2. Crises of the 14th and 15th Centuries • Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) • Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy (1305-1378) • The Great Schism (1378-1415) • Overpopulation and The Black Death (1348-1361)

  3. Europe in the 1320s

  4. Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) • England vs. France • Vassalage: English King vassal of French King • Succession crisis in France • Assertion of English King’s Right to French Throne • Essentially a Battle for Power

  5. Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) • England vs. France • Vassalage: English King vassal of French King • Assertion of English King’s Right to French Throne • Essentially a Battle for Power • England Successful Early • Crecy (1346) & Poitiers (1356) • Peace of Bretigny (1360)

  6. Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) • England vs. France • England successful early • Crecy (1346) Black Prince • Poitiers (1356) John II captured and held for ransom • Peace of Bretigny (1360) • Battle of Agincourt (1415) & Treaty of Troyes (1420): The height of English Power • Joan of Arc (1412-1431): French Nationalism

  7. Joan of Arc at Orleans

  8. Results of the Hundred Years’ War • Rise in Efficiency of English and French States • Growth of French Nationalism • Discomfort for Common People • Plunder by the Armies • Weakened Physically • Taxes Up • Depravations by the Mercenary Companies

  9. The 14th & 15th C. Papacy: “Babylonian Captivity” • Centralized Papacy of 13th century led to tensions • Control of the College of Cardinals • Disagreements with England and France • Boniface VIII vs. Philip the Fair • Unam Sanctum (1302) • Clement V Moves to Avignon (1305-1377): “The Babylonian Captivity” or “Avignon Papacy” • Pope John XXII: Financial Wizardry & Political Interference

  10. The 14th and 15th C. Papacy: “The Great Schism,” 1378-1417 • 1378: Election of the Italian Urban VI at Rome prompts French Cardinals to Elect the French Clement VII • Rival Popes: Split exacerbates dissent among average Christians • Heretical Movements: Lollards & Hussites • Gallican Liberties • Conciliarism • Initial Setbacks: THREE Popes!!! • Council of Constance (1415) • Schism Ends with Martin V (1417-1431)

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