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GROUP DYNAMICS

PERSONAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT -23126Z. GROUP DYNAMICS. is the study of groups, and also a general term for group processes a group is two or more individuals who are connected to each other by social relationships .

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GROUP DYNAMICS

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  1. PERSONAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT -23126Z GROUP DYNAMICS

  2. is the study of groups, and also a general term for group processes a group is two or more individuals who are connected to each other by social relationships. understanding of the behavior of people in groups, such as task groups, that are trying to solve a problem or make a decision. GROUP DYNAMICS

  3. Gustave Le Bon Sigmund Freud Jacob L. Moreno Kurt Lewin William Schutz Bruce Tuckman Key theorists

  4. Forming:characterized by some confusion and uncertainty . Storming:likely to see the highest level of disagreement and conflict Norming: recognition of individual differences and shared expectations Performing: group has matured and attains a feeling of cohesiveness Adjourning: the dissolution of a group Tuckman's model :5 stages of Group Development

  5. The major goals of the groups have not been established Task or leadership has not been determined An orientation period when members get to know one another and shared expectations Trust and openness has not been developed Stage 1: Forming

  6. Members challenge group goals Vie for leadership position Voice concern and criticism If conflict cannot be resolved, the group will disband or continue existence ineffectively. Stage 2: Storming

  7. Recognition of individual differences and shared expectations Develop a feeling of group cohesion and identity More cooperative among members of the group Responsibilities are divided among members Stage 3: Norming

  8. Everyone knows each other well enough to be able to work together Trusts each other enough to allow independent activity.  Conflict is resolved through group discussion Make decisions through a rational process not emotionally. Stage 4: Performing

  9. Completion/accomplishment of a task Disengagement- individuals deciding to go their own ways Often experience feelings of closure and sadness Stage 5: Adjourning

  10. Formal • Established by an organization to achieve its goals. • Informal • Formed naturally in response to the common interests and shared values of individuals Group Types

  11. Command Groups : • specified by organizational chart • Task Groups : • consists of people working together to achieve a common task • Functional Groups : • created by organization to accomplish specific goals within an unspecified time frame Formal Groups

  12. 1. Interest Group: Informal Groups • Continue over time and may last longer. • Members may not be part of the same department but are bound together by common interest • Eg study group for a specific class

  13. Continue over time and may last longer. • Members may not be part of the same department but are bound together by common interest • Eg study group for a specific class INFORMAL GROUPS –1. Interest group:

  14. 2. Friendship Groups: • Formed by members who enjoy similar social activities, political beliefs, religious value • Enjoy each other’s company • Eg. Exercise group, softball team, potluck lunch once a month Informal Groups

  15. 3. Reference Groups: • People use to evaluate themselves • Social validation: allows individuals to justify their attitudes and values • social comparison: evaluate own actions by comparing to others • Strong influence on members’ behaviour • Family, friends and religious affiliation are strong reference groups for most individuals. Informal Groups

  16. A pattern of relationship among members that holds the group together to achieve its assigned goals. • Can be described as • Group size • Group roles • Group norms • Group cohesiveness Group structure

  17. Vary from 2 people to a very large number Small groups of 2 – 10 people are more effective because of ample opportunity to participate Increasing the size of the groups results in decreased satisfaction because it is difficult to experience cohesion. Group Size

  18. Work roles: task oriented activities that involve accomplishing the group’s goals Maintenance roles: social-emotional activities such as harmonizer who will reduce tension in the group. Blocking roles: activities that disrupt the group such as aggressor criticizes members’ value and make jokes in a sarcastic manner. Group Roles

  19. Norms define the boundaries of acceptable and unacceptable behaviour. Reflect the level of commitment, motivation, and performance of the group. Group Norms

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