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Understanding Metal and Anion Formulas: Cation Charges, Polyatomics, and Naming Conventions

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  1. Write the formula Metal (cation)first (roman) indicates metal charge Anion next, use first on PT for “ides” use half sheet for polyatomics Cation charge becomes anion subscript and vice versa(“criss-cross” charges) Reduce as necessary by greatest common factor

  2. Sodium Chloride Na+ Cl- NaCl

  3. Magnesium fluoride Mg2+ F- MgF2

  4. calcium hydroxide Ca2+ OH- Ca(OH)2

  5. Name a formula Metal (cation)first, just the name no prefix, no suffix IFF!!! PT shows more than one charge for the metal, Use (roman) to indicate metal charge Cation charge = (anion charge)X(anion subscript)/(cation subscript) Anion name next

  6. Fe3(PO4)2 Iron Iron ( ) Iron ( ) Phosphate (3)x(2)/3=2 Iron (II) Phosphate +2 +3 Fe There’s two oxidation states, so we’ll need roman numerals. Anion subscript is 2 Anion charge is 3- Cation subscript is 3 Roman = 2

  7. Parenthesis • Use around polyatomics when there’s more than one in the molecule!

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