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Chapter 20

Chapter 20. Network Layer Protocols: ARP, IPv4, ICMPv4, IPv6, and ICMPv6. Figure 20.1 Protocols at network layer. 20.1 ARP. Mapping. Packet Format. Encapsulation. Operation. Figure 20.2 ARP operation. Figure 20.3 ARP packet. Figure 20.4 Encapsulation of ARP packet.

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Chapter 20

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  1. Chapter 20 Network LayerProtocols: ARP, IPv4, ICMPv4, IPv6, and ICMPv6

  2. Figure 20.1Protocols at network layer

  3. 20.1 ARP Mapping Packet Format Encapsulation Operation

  4. Figure 20.2ARP operation

  5. Figure 20.3ARP packet

  6. Figure 20.4Encapsulation of ARP packet

  7. Figure 20.5Four cases using ARP

  8. Note: An ARP request is broadcast; an ARP reply is unicast.

  9. Example 1 A host with IP address 130.23.3.20 and physical address B23455102210 has a packet to send to another host with IP address 130.23.43.25 and physical address A46EF45983AB. The two hosts are on the same Ethernet network. Show the ARP request and reply packets encapsulated in Ethernet frames. Solution Figure 20.6 shows the ARP request and reply packets. Note that the ARP data field in this case is 28 bytes, and that the individual addresses do not fit in the 4-byte boundary. That is why we do not show the regular 4-byte boundaries for these addresses. Note that we use hexadecimal for every field except the IP addresses.

  10. Figure 20.6Example 1

  11. 20.2 IP Datagram Fragmentation

  12. Figure 20.7IP datagram

  13. Note: The total length field defines the total length of the datagram including the header.

  14. Figure 20.8Multiplexing

  15. Figure 20.10MTU

  16. 20.3 ICMP Types of Messages

  17. Figure 20.12ICMP encapsulation

  18. Note: ICMP always reports error messages to the original source.

  19. Figure 20.13Error-reporting messages

  20. Note: There is no flow control or congestion control mechanism in IP.

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