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Environmental Contaminants and Infertility in Women

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Environmental Contaminants and Infertility in Women

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    1. Environmental Contaminants and Infertility in Women Ulrike Luderer, M.D., Ph.D. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine Department of Developmental and Cell Biology

    2. Infertility and premature ovarian failure 12-13% of all couples are infertile Premature ovarian failure is responsible for 20-30% of infertility in women Defined as menopause before age 40 Affects 1-2% of women

    4. Hormonal regulation of ovarian function

    5. The human menstrual cycle

    6. Stages of Follicular Development

    7. Infertility and Age

    9. Causes of premature ovarian failure Cytogenetic abnormalities of the X chromosome Fragile X syndrome Other genetic mutations 17a-hydroxylase, aromatase, FOXL2, BMP15, LH-R, FSH-R Immune disturbances Viral infection Chemical or physical agents Cause is unknown in many cases

    11. Types of cell death Necrosis Passive, catastrophic Morphological features: Swelling No chromatin remodeling Plasma membrane blebbing Apoptosis Active, regulated Morphological features: Shrinkage Chromatin condensation Plasma membrane budding Proteolysis Inhibitory regulators, Bcl-2 Nuclear lamins, cytoskeletal proteins Inhibitor of caspase activated DNAse DNA fragmentation

    16. FSH stimulates follicular GSH synthesis

    27. DMBA induces granulosa and theca cell apoptosis

    29. DMBA-induced apoptosis is preceded by increased Bax

    32. GSH supplementation prevents DMBA-induced GC apoptosis

    42. Gcl subunit overexpression increases GSH concentrations

    43. Gclc overexpression protects against ionizing radiation

    45. Acknowledgments Luderer Lab Current Members Mabel Cortés-Wanstreet Yvonne Hoang Brooke Nakamura Laura Ortiz Victoria Flores Past Lab Members Miyun Tsai-Turton Youming Tan Brian Luong Pedro Morgado Sarah Lopez Matilde Gonzalez Jennifer Lavorin

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